Usama b. Zaid reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: A Muslim is not entitled to inherit
from a non-Muslim, and a non-Muslim is not entitled to
inherit from a Muslim.
Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Give the
shares to those who are entitled to them, and what remains
over goes to the nearest male heir.
Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) reported
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: Give
the shares to those who are entitled to them, and what is
left from those wno are entitled to it goes to the nearest
male heir.
Tawus reported on the authority of his father Ibn Abbas
(Allah be pleased with them) narrating that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Distribute the
property amongst Ahl al-Fara'id, according to the Book of
Allah, and what is left out of them goes to the nearest
male heir.
Chapter 2: THE LAW OF INHERITANCE IN REGARD TO
AL-KALALA (THE PERSON WHO DIES LEAVING NO CHILD OR PARENT)
Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them)
reported: I fell sick and there came to me on foot Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr for
inquiring after my health. I fainted. He (the Holy
Prophet) performed ablution and then sprinkled over me the
water of his ablution. I felt some relief and said:
Allah's Messenger, how should I decide about my property?
He said nothing to me in response until this verse
pertaining to the law of inheritance was revealed:" They
ask you for a decision; say: Allah gives you a decision
concerning the person who has neither parents nor
children" (iv. 177).
Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with him)
reported: Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) and Abi
Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) visited me on foot in
Banu Salama, and found me unconscious. He (the Holy
Prophet) called for water and performed ablution and
sprinkled out of it (the water) over me. I felt relieved.
I said: Allah's Messenger, what should I do with my
property? And this verse was revealed:" Allah enjoins you
concerning your children: for the male is equal of the
portion of two females."
Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them)
reported: While I had been ill Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) visited me and Abu akr (Allah be
pleased with him) was with him, and they both came walking
on foot. He (the Holy Prophet) found me unconscious.
Allahs Messenger (may peace be upon him) performed
ablution and then sprinkled over me the water of his
ablution. I felt relieved regained my consciousness) and
found Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) there. I
said: Allah's Messenger, what should I do with my
property? He gave me no reply until the verse (iv. 177)
relating to the law of inheritance was revealed.
Jabir b. Abdullah (Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Whilo I was ill Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
came to me and found me unconscious. He (the Holy Prophet)
performed ablution, and sprinkled over me the water of his
ablution. I regained my consciousness and said: Allah's
Messenger, my case of inheritance is that of Kalala. Then
the verse pertaining to the inheritance ( of Kalala) was
revealed. I (one of the narrators) said: I said to
Muhammad b. Munkadir: (Do you mean this verse)" They ask
you; say: Allah gives you decision in regard to Kalala"
(iv. 177)? He said: Yes, it was thus revealed.
Abu Talha reported: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (Allah be
pleased with him) delivered a sermon on Friday and made a
mention of Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) and he
also made a mention of Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with
him) and then said: I do not leave behind me any problem
more difficult than that of Kalala. I did not refer to
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) more repeatedly
than in case of the problem of Kalala, and he (the Holy
Prophet) never showed more annoyance to me than in regard
to this problem, so much so that he struck my chest with
his fingers and said: 'Umar, does the verse revealed in
summer season, at the end of Sura al-Nisa' not suffice
you? Hadrat 'Umar (then) said: If I live I would give such
verdict about (Kalala) that everyone would be able to
decide whether he reads the Qur'an or he does not.
Al-Bara' (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the
last verse revealed in the Holy Qur'an is:" They ask thee
for a religious verdict; say: Allah gives you a religious
verdict about Kalala (the person who has neither parents
nor children)" (iv 177).
Abu Ishaq said that he heard al-Bara' b. 'Azib (Allah
be pleased with him say: The last verse revealed (in the
Holy Quran) is that pertaining to Kalala, and the last
sura revealed is Sura al-Bara'at.
Abu Ishaq said that he heard al-Bara' b. 'Azib (Allah
be pleased with him) say: The last complete sura revealed
(in the Holy Qur'an) is Sura Tauba (i e. al-Bara'at, ix.),
and the last verse revealed is that pertaining to Kalala.
Aba Ishaq reported this hadith on the authority of al-Bara'
(Allah be pleased with him) with a slight variation of
words, viz. the last sura that was revealed complete.
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that
when the body of a dead person having burden of debt upon
him was brought to Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) he would ask whether he had left property enough to
clear off his debt, and if the property left had been
sufficient for that (purpose), he observed funeral prayer
for him, otherwise he said (to his companions): You
observe prayer for your companion. But when Allah opened
the gateways of victory for him, he said: I am nearer to
the believers than themselves, so if anyone dies leaving a
debt, its payment is my responsibility, and if anyone
leaves a property, it goes to his heirs.
Abn Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported
Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) having said this:
By Him in Whose Hand is the life of Muhammad, there is no
believer on the earth with whom I am not the nearest among
all the people. He who amongst you (dies) and leaves a
debt, I am there to pay it, and he who amongst you (dies)
leaving behind children I am there to look after them. And
he who amongst You leaves behind property, that is for the
inheritor whoever he is.
Hammam b. Munabbih reported: This is what Abu Huraira
(Allah be pleased with him) narratted to us from Allah's
Messenger (may peace he upon him). And he narrated many
ahadith, and one was this: Allali's Messenger (may peace
be upon him said: I am, according to the Book of Allah,
the Exalted and Majestic, nearest to the believers of all
the human beings. So whoever amongst you dies in debt or
leaves behind destitute children, you should call me (for
help) ), for I am his guardian. And who amongst you leaves
property, his inheritor is entitled to get it, whoever he
is.
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported
Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) as saying: He who
leaves property, that is for the inheritors; and he who
leaves behind destitute children, then it is my
responsibility (to look after them). This hadith has been
narrated on the authority of Shu'ba with the same chain of
transmitters.