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26. Surah Ash-Shu'arâ' سورة الشعراء

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This Surah (Revealed) Meccan, except for verses 197, and from 224 to the end of the sūra, [all of] which are Medinese; it consists of 227 verses, revealed after [sūrat] al-Wāqiâa.(Ash-Shuâarâ )
 
Ayah  26:1  الأية
بِسْم ِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Ayah First  1  الأية
Tafseer
 
Tā sīn mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].
 
Ayah  26:2  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Those, namely, these signs, are the signs of the Manifest Book, the Qurâān (the genitive annexation [āyātuâlkitābi] conveys the [partitive] meaning of min), [the Manifest meaning] the one that manifests what is truth from what is falsehood.
 
Ayah  26:3  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Perhaps, O Muhammad (s), you might kill yourself, out of distress for the reason, that they, namely, the people of Mecca, will not become believers (laâalla here expresses sympathy, in other words [what is meant is] âhave pity on it [your self] by alleviating [the burden of] this distressâ).
 
Ayah  26:4  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
If We will We will send down to them a sign from the heaven before which their necks will remain (fa-zallat, [although grammatically in the past tense] is being used in the sense of the imperfect tense) bowed in humility, and they will believe (since ânecksâ are described as âbowed in humilityâ, [a status] which in fact refers to those who possess them, the adjectival form [khādiâūn, âbowed in humilityâ] used therein is the one [normally] used for rational beings).
 
Ayah  26:5  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And there would never come to them from the Compassionate One any remembrance, any [revelation from the] Qurâān, that is new (muhdathin, is an explicative adjective) but that they used to disregard it. 411
 
Ayah  26:6  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Verily then they have denied, it; but soon there will come to them the news, the consequences, of that which they used to deride.
 
Ayah  26:7  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Have they not contemplated, observed, the earth, how many We have caused to grow therein, in other words, [We have caused to grow therein] many, of every splendid kind [of vegetation], [of every] fair species.
 
Ayah  26:8  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely in that there is a sign, an indication of the perfection of His power, exalted be He; but most of them, in Godâs knowledge, are not believers (kāna here according to Sībawayhi is extra).
 
Ayah  26:9  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And surely your Lord, He is the Mighty One, Who will exact vengeance from the disbelievers, the Merciful, Who shows mercy to believers.
 
Ayah  26:10  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And, mention, O Muhammad (s), to your people, when your Lord called to Moses, on the night he saw the fire and the bush, [saying]: âGo to the wrongdoing folk, as a messenger,
 
Ayah  26:11  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Pharaohâs folk, to them as well as him â they wronged their souls by disbelieving in God and [wronged] the Children of Israel by enslaving them â Will they not (a-lā: the hamza indicates a negation meant as a rebuke) show fear?â, of God by being obedient to Him and affirm His Oneness?
 
Ayah  26:12  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, âMy Lord, I fear they will deny me,
 
Ayah  26:13  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and that anguish will constrain my breast, because of their denial of me, and that my tongue will not utter clearly, to deliver the Message, because of the knot in it. So give the Mission to, my brother, Aaron, alongside me.
 
Ayah  26:14  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And I have sinned against them, by my slaying of the Egyptian man, and I fear they will slay meâ, for this.
 
Ayah  26:15  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Said He, exalted be He: âCertainly not!, they shall not slay you. Go both of you, you and your brother â this address [although in the dual form] is predominantly for the person present as opposed to the absent one â with Our signs. We will indeed be with you, hearing, what you say and what is said to you (maâakum: the two [Moses and Aaron] are referred to here with the plural pronoun).
 
Ayah  26:16  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So the two of you approach Pharaoh and say, âIndeed We are â [indeed] each of the two of us is, the 412 Messenger of the Lord of the Worlds, to you,
 
Ayah  26:17  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
that you should let go forth with us, to Syria, the Children of Israelâ â. So they approached him and said to him that which has been mentioned.
 
Ayah  26:18  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Pharaoh, said, to Moses, âDid we not rear you among us, in our homes, as a child?, as an infant, only recently born but weaned, and did you not stay with us for years of your life?, for thirty years â he would dress from Pharaohâs clothes and ride chariots of his, and was referred to as Pharaohâs son.
 
Ayah  26:19  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And you committed that deed of yours â namely, his slaying of the Egyptian â being an ingrateâ, a denier of my favours to you in having reared you [among us] and not enslaved you.
 
Ayah  26:20  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, âI did that then, when I was astray, from the knowledge and the Message which God would later give me.
 
Ayah  26:21  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So I fled from you, as I was afraid of you. Then my Lord gave me judgement, knowledge, and made me one of the messengers.
 
Ayah  26:22  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
That is a favour with which you now reproach me that you have enslaved the Children of Israelâ (an âabbadta banī Isrāâīl, is explicative of tilka, âthatâ) in other words, you have enslaved them but not me: there is no favour in that, for your enslavement of them is wrong (some [scholars] have reckoned there to be an interrogative hamza of denial at the beginning of this verse [a-tilka niâmatun, âis that a favour?â]).
 
Ayah  26:23  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Pharaoh said, to Moses, âAnd what is âthe Lord of the Worldsâ â, the One Whose Messenger you say you indeed are? In other words: what exactly is He? And since there is no way for creation to know the true nature of God, but only to know Him through [an articulation of] His attributes, Moses, blessings and peace be upon him, responds to him with [mention of] some of these [attributes]:
 
Ayah  26:24  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âThe Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, in other words, the Creator of [all] that â should you have convictionâ, that He, exalted be He, is their Creator, then believe in Him alone.
 
Ayah  26:25  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Pharaoh, said to those, noblemen among his folk, who were around him, âDid you not hear?!â, his response, how it does not correspond to the question [I asked]?
 
Ayah  26:26  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, âYour Lord and the Lord of your forefathersâ. Now, even though this [fact] is comprised by what was [said] before it enrages Pharaoh, and therefore: 413
 
Ayah  26:27  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âVerily this messenger of yours sent to you is a madman!â
 
Ayah  26:28  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, âThe Lord of the east and the west and all that is between them â should you comprehend,â, that He is such [a Lord] then believe in Him alone.
 
Ayah  26:29  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Pharaoh, said, to Moses: âIf you choose any god other than me, I will surely make you a prisoner!â. His [Pharaohâs] prison was very harsh, for a person would be shut up [in a dungeon] underground alone, where he could neither see nor hear anyone else.
 
Ayah  26:30  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, to him: âWhat, would you do this even, if I bring you something manifest?â, patent proof of my Mission?
 
Ayah  26:31  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Pharaoh, said, to him: âThen bring it, if you are truthfulâ, in this.
 
Ayah  26:32  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So he threw down his staff, and lo! it was a manifest serpent, a great snake.
 
Ayah  26:33  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then he drew out his hand, he brought it out of his pocket, and lo! it was white, glowing, before the onlookers, and not its usual skin colour.
 
Ayah  26:34  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Pharaoh, said to the council around him, âSurely this man is a cunning sorcerer, an expert in the art of magic,
 
Ayah  26:35  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
who seeks to expel you from your land by his sorcery. So what do you advise?â
 
Ayah  26:36  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âPut him and his brother off for a while, postpone [judgement of] their affair, and send musterers into the cities
 
Ayah  26:37  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
to bring you every cunning sorcererâ, to surpass Moses in the art of magic.
 
Ayah  26:38  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So the sorcerers were assembled at a fixed time of a known day, which was the morning of the Festival Day. 414
 
Ayah  26:39  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And it was said to the people, âWill you assemble!â
 
Ayah  26:40  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Maybe we will follow the sorcerers, should they be the victorsâ (the interrogative [of the previous verse] is an incitement to assemble and the optative sense [implicit in laâalla] is due to their anticipation of victory, and hence their continued adherence to their religion and rejection of Moses).
 
Ayah  26:41  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So when the sorcerers came, they said to Pharaoh, âShall we indeed (read a-inna either by pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second, but in both cases inserting an alif) have a reward if we were to be the victors?â
 
Ayah  26:42  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âYes [of course]! And you shall then be among those closest [to me]â.
 
Ayah  26:43  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Moses said to them, after they had said to him, Either you cast, or we shall be the casters [Q. 7:115]: âCast what you have to castâ â the command to do this signifies an authorisation for them to cast and a means whereby the truth will be made to prevail.
 
Ayah  26:44  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So they cast their ropes and their staffs, and said, âBy the power of Pharaoh we shall surely be the victors!â
 
Ayah  26:45  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Thereat Moses cast his staff and lo! it was swallowing (talqafu: one of the original two tāâ letters [of taltaqifu] has been assimilated) what they had faked, [what they had] transformed through illusion, making their ropes and staffs appear to be moving serpents.
 
Ayah  26:46  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So the sorcerers fell down prostrating.
 
Ayah  26:47  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âWe believe in the Lord of the Worlds,
 
Ayah  26:48  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
the Lord of Moses and Aaronâ, for they realised that what they had witnessed in the case of the staff could not have been the result of [mere] sorcery.
 
Ayah  26:49  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Pharaoh said, âDo you believe (a-āmantum, read pronouncing both hamzas or replacing the second one with an alif) him, Moses, though I have not given you leave? He is indeed your chief, the one who has taught you sorcery â so that he only taught you some [tricks] and then surpassed you with others. Soon you will know, what I will do with you! I will assuredly cut off your hands and legs on opposite sides â in other words, the right hand of each one together with his left leg â then I shall surely crucify you all.â 415
 
Ayah  26:50  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âThere is no harm [in that], no damage will be done to us thereby. Surely to our Lord, after we die, whichever way that may be, we shall return, in the Hereafter.
 
Ayah  26:51  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Indeed We hope our Lord will forgive us our iniquities, for being the first to believeâ, in our time.
 
Ayah  26:52  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And We revealed to Moses, after many years which he spent among them calling them to the truth with Godâs signs but all of which only increased them in insolence, [saying], âJourney with My servants, the Children of Israel, by night (a variant reading [for an asri] is an isr, from the verb sarā, one form of asrā) go with them by night in the direction of the sea, for indeed you will be pursuedâ. Pharaoh and his armies will pursue you, but when they enter the sea in pursuit of you, I will deliver you and drown them.
 
Ayah  26:53  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then Pharaoh, having been informed of their night departure, sent to the cities â it is said that he ruled a thousand cities and twelve thousand villages â musterers, to assemble the army, saying:
 
Ayah  26:54  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
âLo! these are but a small gang. It is said that they [the Children of Israel] numbered 670,000, while his [Pharaohâs] vanguard alone numbered 700,000 and so he deemed their number insignificant in comparison to his huge army.
 
Ayah  26:55  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And indeed they have enraged us, their actions infuriate us,
 
Ayah  26:56  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and indeed we are all on our guardâ, ready (a variant reading [for hadhirūna] has hādhirūn, meaning âalertâ).
 
Ayah  26:57  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
God, exalted be He, says: So We made them, Pharaoh and his folk, go forth, out of Egypt, in order to pursue Moses and his people, from gardens, orchards on either side of the Nile, and springs, streams running from the Nile through their dwellings,
 
Ayah  26:58  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and treasures, visible riches of gold and silver â these [riches] are called kunūz [as opposed to amwāl, ârichesâ] because that [portion] which is [always] due to God, exalted be He, from them had not been paid â and splendid places, exquisite residences for princes and ministers surrounded by their retinues.
 
Ayah  26:59  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So [it was], that is, Our expulsion [of them] was as We have described, and We made the Children of Israel to inherit these, after drowning Pharaoh and his folk.
 
Ayah  26:60  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
416 Then they pursued them, they caught them up, at sunrise.
 
Ayah  26:61  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And when the two hosts sighted each other, the companions of Moses said, âWe have been caught!â, Pharaohâs hosts have caught us up and we have no power against them.
 
Ayah  26:62  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Moses, said, âCertainly not!, they shall not catch us up; indeed I have my Lord with me, to provide assistance. He will guide meâ, to the route of deliverance.
 
Ayah  26:63  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
God, exalted be He, says: Thereupon We revealed to Moses: âStrike the sea with your staffâ, and he struck it, whereupon it parted, it split into twelve parts, and each part was as a mighty mountain, between each of these parts were paths which they followed, such that not even the saddles or the felts of the riders were touched by water.
 
Ayah  26:64  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And there We brought near the others, Pharaoh and his folk, until they followed them across the same paths.
 
Ayah  26:65  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And We delivered Moses and all those who were with him, by bringing them out of the sea while it was in the state mentioned [above].
 
Ayah  26:66  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then We drowned the others, Pharaoh and his folk by closing the sea on them after they had entered the sea and the Children of Israel had exited therefrom.
 
Ayah  26:67  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely in that, drowning of Pharaoh and his folk, there is a sign, a lesson for those [generations] who would come after them; but most of them are not believers, in God. The only ones to believe were Āsiya â Pharaohâs wife â Hizqīl, the believing man of Pharaohâs family, and Maryam daughter of Nāmūsī, she who pointed out the bone remains of [the prophet] Joseph, peace be upon him.
 
Ayah  26:68  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And surely your Lord, He is the Mighty, for He wrought vengeance upon the disbelievers by drowning them, the Merciful, to believers, delivering them from drowning.
 
Ayah  26:69  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And recite to them, the disbelievers of Mecca, the tiding, the tale, of Abraham (Ibrāhīma is substituted by [the following, idh qāla, âwhen he saidâ])
 
Ayah  26:70  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when he said to his father and his people, âWhat do you worship?â
 
Ayah  26:71  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
417 They said, âWe worship idols â they reiterate the verb [in the response] in order to supplement it with [the following remark] â and remain cleaving to themâ, we remain worshipping them all day; they give a longer response to indicate their [misplaced] pride in such [an act].
 
Ayah  26:72  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âDo they hear you when you supplicate?
 
Ayah  26:73  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Or do they bring you benefit, when you worship them, or harm?, to you, if you do not?
 
Ayah  26:74  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âRather, we found our fathers so doingâ, that is, doing the same as we do.
 
Ayah  26:75  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âHave you considered what you have been worshipping,
 
Ayah  26:76  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
you and your ancestors?
 
Ayah  26:77  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They are indeed hateful to me, I do not worship them; but the Lord of the Worlds, I do worship Him,
 
Ayah  26:78  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
[He] Who created me, it is He Who guides me, to [the proper] religion,
 
Ayah  26:79  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and provides me with food and drink,
 
Ayah  26:80  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and when I am sick, it is He Who cures me;
 
Ayah  26:81  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and Who will make me die, then give me life,
 
Ayah  26:82  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and Who, I hope, will forgive me my iniquity on the Day of Judgement, [the Day] of Requital.
 
Ayah  26:83  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
My Lord! Grant me [unerring] judgement, knowledge, and unite me with the righteous, the prophets.
 
Ayah  26:84  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And confer on me a worthy repute, excellent praise, among posterity, those who will come after me up to 418 the Day of Resurrection.
 
Ayah  26:85  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And make me among the inheritors of the Garden of Bliss, among those who will be given it.
 
Ayah  26:86  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And forgive my father, for indeed he is one of those who are astray, by Your relenting to him and forgiving him: this was before it became clear to him [Abraham] that he [his father] was an enemy of God, as mentioned in sūrat Barāâa [Q. 9:114].
 
Ayah  26:87  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And do not disgrace me, do not expose me, on the day when they, mankind, are resurrected;
 
Ayah  26:88  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
of which [day] God, exalted be He, says [the following]: the day when neither wealth nor children will avail, anyone,
 
Ayah  26:89  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
except him who comes to God with a heart that is sound, [free] from idolatry and hypocrisy â and this is the heart of the believer, whom such [things] will avail.
 
Ayah  26:90  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And Paradise will be brought near for the God-fearing, and they will [be able to] see it,
 
Ayah  26:91  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and Hell will be revealed [plainly] for the perverse, the disbelievers.
 
Ayah  26:92  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And it will be said to them, âWhere is that which you used to worship
 
Ayah  26:93  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
besides God?, that is, other than Him, in the way of idols. Do they help you, by averting from you the chastisement, or do they help one another?â, by averting it from themselves? No [neither]!
 
Ayah  26:94  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then they will be hurled, cast, into it, they and the perverse,
 
Ayah  26:95  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and the hosts of Iblīs, his followers and those jinn and humans who were obedient to him, all together.
 
Ayah  26:96  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They, the perverse, shall say, as they wrangle therein, with those whom they used to worship:
 
Ayah  26:97  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
419 âBy God, we had indeed (in, softened in place of the hardened form, with its subject omitted, in other words [it would usually be] innahu) been in manifest error,
 
Ayah  26:98  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when we equated you, in worship, with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:99  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And it was none other than the sinners, the devils or our predecessors, whose example we were following, that led us astray, from guidance.
 
Ayah  26:100  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So [now] we have no intercessors, as the believers have, in the way of angels, prophets and [other] believers,
 
Ayah  26:101  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
nor any sympathetic friend, who might be concerned for us.
 
Ayah  26:102  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
If only we had another turn, [another] return to this world, we would have been among those who believe!â (law, âif onlyâ, here is for [the conditional] optative, to which nakūna, âwe would have beenâ, constitutes the response).
 
Ayah  26:103  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely in that, which is mentioned of the tale of Abraham and his people, there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:104  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And truly your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
 
Ayah  26:105  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
The people of Noah denied the messengers, by denying him, for they all brought the same message affirming Godâs Oneness; or [it is] because he stayed among them for so long that it was as though he was many messengers (the feminine [person of the verb kadhdhabat, âdeniedâ, governed by] qawm, âthe peopleâ, is on account of the import, but it is masculine on account of its [morphological] form);
 
Ayah  26:106  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when Noah, their brother â [their brother only] in terms of lineage â said to them, âWill you not fear?, God?
 
Ayah  26:107  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly I am a trusted messenger [sent] to you, to deliver the Message with which I have been sent.
 
Ayah  26:108  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me, in what I enjoin you to of Godâs Oneness and obedience to Him. 420
 
Ayah  26:109  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I do not ask of you any reward for it, for delivering it; for my reward lies only with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:110  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey meâ â he repeats this [statement] for emphasis.
 
Ayah  26:111  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âShall we believe in you, in your words, when it is the lowliest people who follow you?â (waâttabaâaka: a variant reading has wa-atbāâuka, â[when] your followersâ, plural of tābiâ, âfollowerâ, as a subject) the riffraff, such as the weavers and the shoemakers.
 
Ayah  26:112  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âAnd what do I know of what they may have been doing?
 
Ayah  26:113  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Their reckoning is only my Lordâs concern, and He will requite them, if only you were aware â had you known this, you would not have reviled them.
 
Ayah  26:114  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And I am not about to drive away the believers.
 
Ayah  26:115  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I am just a plain warnerâ.
 
Ayah  26:116  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âLo! if you do not desist, O Noah, from what you say to us, you will assuredly be among those assailedâ, with stones or curses.
 
Ayah  26:117  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Noah, said, âMy Lord, my people have denied me,
 
Ayah  26:118  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
so judge conclusively between me and them, and deliver me and the believers who are with meâ.
 
Ayah  26:119  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, exalted be He, says: So We delivered him and those who were with him in the laden ark, [the ship] filled with humans, animals and birds.
 
Ayah  26:120  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then afterwards, after We delivered them, We drowned the rest, of his people.
 
Ayah  26:121  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
421 Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:122  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
 
Ayah  26:123  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
âĀd denied the messengers,
 
Ayah  26:124  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when Hūd, their brother, said to them, âWill you not fear God?
 
Ayah  26:125  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly I am a trusted messenger [sent] to you.
 
Ayah  26:126  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me.
 
Ayah  26:127  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I do not ask of you any reward for this; for my reward lies only with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:128  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Do you build on every prominence, every high place, a monument, an edifice as a signpost for passers-by, so that you may hurl abuse?, at those who pass by you and deride them (taâbathūna, is a circumstantial qualifier referring to the subject of [the verb] tabnūna, âyou buildâ).
 
Ayah  26:129  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And you set up structures, for [extracting] water underground, that perhaps you might, as though you will, last forever, therein and not die.
 
Ayah  26:130  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And when you assault, to smite or slay, you assault like tyrants, mercilessly!
 
Ayah  26:131  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God, in this, and obey me, in what I have commanded you.
 
Ayah  26:132  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And fear Him Who has provided you, Who has been gracious to you, in a way that you know,
 
Ayah  26:133  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
provided you with cattle and sons,
 
Ayah  26:134  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and gardens, orchards, and springs, rivers. 422
 
Ayah  26:135  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Indeed I fear for you the chastisement of a tremendous dayâ, in this world and in the Hereafter should you disobey me.
 
Ayah  26:136  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âIt is the same to us whether you admonish [us] or are not one of those who admonish, anyway. In other words, we will not heed your admonition.
 
Ayah  26:137  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
This, that you threaten us with, is merely the fabrication of the ancients, that is, their inventions and lies (a variant reading [for khalq, âfabricationâ] is khuluq, âethosâ, in other words, this denial of resurrection to which we adhere is merely âthe ethos of the ancientsâ, in other words, their nature and wont);
 
Ayah  26:138  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and we will not be chastisedâ.
 
Ayah  26:139  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So they denied him, concerning the chastisement, whereupon We destroyed them, in this world with the [barren] wind [cf. Q. 51:41]. Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:140  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
 
Ayah  26:141  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Thamūd denied the messengers,
 
Ayah  26:142  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when Sālih, their brother, said to them, âWill you fear God?
 
Ayah  26:143  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly I am a trusted messenger [sent] to you.
 
Ayah  26:144  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me.
 
Ayah  26:145  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I do not ask of you any reward for this; for my reward lies only with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:146  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Will you be left secure in that which is here, of good things â
 
Ayah  26:147  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
423 amid gardens and springs,
 
Ayah  26:148  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and farms and date palms with slender, delicate and tender, spathes?
 
Ayah  26:149  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And you hew dwellings out of the mountains arrogantly (a variant reading [of farihīna, âarrogantâ] has fārihīn, âskilfullyâ).
 
Ayah  26:150  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me, in what I have commanded you,
 
Ayah  26:151  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and do not obey the command of the prodigal,
 
Ayah  26:152  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
who cause corruption in the earth, through acts of disobedience, and act righteouslyâ, by being obedient to God.
 
Ayah  26:153  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âYou are indeed one of the bewitched, those who have succumbed so many times to sorcery that their minds have been overcome.
 
Ayah  26:154  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And, moreover, you are just a human being like us. So bring [us] a sign, if you are sincereâ, in your Mission.
 
Ayah  26:155  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âThis is a she-camel; she shall drink, a share of the water, and you shall drink [each] on a known day.
 
Ayah  26:156  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And do not cause her any harm, for then you shall be seized by the chastisement of an awful dayâ, [awful] because of the awfulness of the chastisement.
 
Ayah  26:157  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
But they hamstrung her â a group of them hamstrung her with the approval of others; and then became remorseful, for having hamstrung it.
 
Ayah  26:158  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So they were seized by the chastisement, which had been promised and were destroyed. Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:159  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful. 424
 
Ayah  26:160  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
The people of Lot denied the messengers,
 
Ayah  26:161  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when Lot, their brother, said to them, âWill you not fear God?
 
Ayah  26:162  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly I am a trusted messenger [sent] to you.
 
Ayah  26:163  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me.
 
Ayah  26:164  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I do not ask of you any reward for this; my reward lies only with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:165  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
What! Of all people you come unto males [to fornicate],
 
Ayah  26:166  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and forsake the wives your Lord has created for you?, in other words, [you forsake intimacy with] their front parts? Nay, but you are a transgressing folkâ, overstepping [the bounds of] what is lawful into what is unlawful.
 
Ayah  26:167  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They said, âIf you do not desist, O Lot, from reproaching us, you will assuredly be of those expelledâ, from our land.
 
Ayah  26:168  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, Lot, said, âTruly I abhor, I detest, what you do.
 
Ayah  26:169  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
My Lord, deliver me and my family from what they doâ, that is, from the punishment for it.
 
Ayah  26:170  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So We delivered him and all his family,
 
Ayah  26:171  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
except an old woman â his wife â among those who stayed behind, whom We destroyed.
 
Ayah  26:172  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then We destroyed [all] the others, 425
 
Ayah  26:173  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and We rained on them a rain, [We rained on them] stones â this [detail] pertains to [the previous] statement concerning their destruction â and evil was, their rain, the rain of those who were warned!
 
Ayah  26:174  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:175  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
 
Ayah  26:176  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
The dwellers in the wood (a variant reading [for ashābuâl-aykati] has ashābu laykata), a thicket of trees near Midian, denied the messengers,
 
Ayah  26:177  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when Shuâayb â He [God] does not say âtheir brotherâ [in this instance] because he [Shuâayb] was not [in terms of lineage] one of them â said to them, âWill you not fear God?
 
Ayah  26:178  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly I am a trusted messenger [sent] to you.
 
Ayah  26:179  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So fear God and obey me.
 
Ayah  26:180  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
I do not ask of you any reward for this; indeed my reward lies only with the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  26:181  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Give full measure and do not be of those who give short measure,
 
Ayah  26:182  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and weigh with an even balance,
 
Ayah  26:183  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and do not defraud people in their goods, do not diminish anything of what is due to them, and do not be degenerate in the earth, seeking corruption, by killing or otherwise ([taâthaw, âdegenerateâ] derives from âathiya, meaning afsada, âto corruptâ; mufsidīna, âseeking corruptionâ, is a circumstantial qualifier emphasising the import of its operator [taâthaw]).
 
Ayah  26:184  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And fear Him Who created you and the former generationsâ, [all] creation [before you].
 
Ayah  26:185  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
426 They said, âYou are indeed one of the bewitched.
 
Ayah  26:186  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
You are just a human being like us. And we indeed (in, softened in place of the hardened form, its subject omitted, in other words [it would be] innahu) think that you are one of the liars.
 
Ayah  26:187  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then make fragments (read kisfan or kisafan) of the heaven fall upon us, if you are of the truthfulâ, in your Mission.
 
Ayah  26:188  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He said, âMy Lord knows best what you are doingâ, and will requite you for it.
 
Ayah  26:189  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
But they denied him, so they were seized by the chastisement of the day of the shade (al-zulla) â a cloud which gave them shade when they suffered a bout of extreme heat but which then rained down fire on them and they were incinerated. Assuredly it was the chastisement of a tremendous day.
 
Ayah  26:190  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely in that there is a sign; but most of them are not believers.
 
Ayah  26:191  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Surely your Lord, He is the Mighty, the Merciful.
 
Ayah  26:192  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly it, the Qurâān, is the revelation of the Lord of the Worlds,
 
Ayah  26:193  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
brought down by the Trustworthy Spirit, Gabriel,
 
Ayah  26:194  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
upon your heart, that you may be [one] of the warners,
 
Ayah  26:195  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
in a clear Arabic tongue (a variant reading [for nazala, âhe brought downâ, verse 193] has nuzzila, âwas sent downâ, and al-rūha, âthe Spiritâ, in the accusative, the subject of the verb being God).
 
Ayah  26:196  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And truly it, the allusion to the Qurâān [that would be] revealed to Muhammad (s), is in the Scriptures, the Books, of the ancients, such as the Torah and the Gospel.
 
Ayah  26:197  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Is it not a sign, of this fact, for them, for the disbelievers of Mecca, that the learned of the Children of Israel recognise it?, [those] such as âAbd Allāh b. Salām and his companions, from among those who became 427 [Muslim] believers: they are able inform [you] of this (read yakun with āyatan in the accusative, or takun with āyatun in the nominative).
 
Ayah  26:198  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
For had We revealed it to some non-Arabs (aâjamūn is the plural of aâjam),
 
Ayah  26:199  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and had he recited it to them, that is, [to] the disbelievers of Mecca, they would not have believed in it, disdaining to follow it.
 
Ayah  26:200  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So, in the same way in which We would have caused denial of it to penetrate [the hearts of disbelievers] had it been recited by a non-Arab, We have caused, denial of, it to penetrate the hearts of the criminals, the Meccan disbelievers, when Muhammad (s) recites it.
 
Ayah  26:201  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They will not believe in it until they behold the painful chastisement,
 
Ayah  26:202  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
so that it will come upon them suddenly while they are not aware.
 
Ayah  26:203  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Thereupon they will say, âShall we be granted any respite?â, that we might become believers?; and it shall be said to them, âNo!â, and they will say, âWhen will this chastisement be?â God, exalted be He, says:
 
Ayah  26:204  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So do they [seek to] hasten Our chastisement?
 
Ayah  26:205  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Consider [this] then â inform Me: If We were to let them enjoy [life] for [many] years,
 
Ayah  26:206  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
then there were to come on them that which they have been promised, of chastisement,
 
Ayah  26:207  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
in what way (mā here is interrogative) would that enjoyment which they were given avail them?, in averting the chastisement or mitigating it? It would be of no avail!
 
Ayah  26:208  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And We have not destroyed any town but it had warners, messengers to warn its inhabitants;
 
Ayah  26:209  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
as a reminder, an admonition for them; for We were never unjust, for We destroy them [only] after they have been warned. The following was revealed to refute what the idolaters were saying: 428
 
Ayah  26:210  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
It, the Qurâān, has not been brought down by the devils.
 
Ayah  26:211  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Neither would it behove, befit, them, to bring it down, nor are they capable, [of doing] that.
 
Ayah  26:212  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly they are barred, restrained with blazing stars, from the hearing, of the sayings of the angels.
 
Ayah  26:213  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So do not invoke any other god with God, lest you be among the chastised â if you were to do what they call you to.
 
Ayah  26:214  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And warn the nearest of your kinsfolk, namely, the Banū Hāshim and the Banū al-Muttalib: âHe [the Prophet] warned them publicly ââ, as reported by al-Bukhārī and Muslim.
 
Ayah  26:215  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And lower your wing, show your gentle side, to the believers, the affirmers of Godâs Oneness, who follow you.
 
Ayah  26:216  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
But if they, your kinsfolk, disobey you, say, to them: âI am absolved of what you doâ, in worshipping [gods] other than God.
 
Ayah  26:217  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And put your trust (wa-tawakkal, or read fa-tawakkal, âthen put your trustâ) in the Mighty, the Merciful, God, in other words, entrust Him with all your affairs,
 
Ayah  26:218  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Who sees you when you stand, for prayer,
 
Ayah  26:219  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and your movements â in [performing] the [various] parts of prayer: standing, sitting, bowing and prostrating â among those who prostrate, those who perform the prayers.
 
Ayah  26:220  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly He is the Hearing, the Knowing.
 
Ayah  26:221  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Shall I inform you, O disbelievers of Mecca, upon whom the devils descend? (tanazzalu: one of the tāâ letters in the original [tatanazzalu] has been omitted). 429
 
Ayah  26:222  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They descend upon every sinful, profligate, liar, such as Musaylama and other soothsayers.
 
Ayah  26:223  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They, the devils, report the heard [sayings], what they hear from the angels [they report] to the soothsayers, but most of them are liars, adding much that is false to what they hear â this was [revealed] before the devils were barred from the heaven.
 
Ayah  26:224  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
As for the poets, [only] the perverse follow them, in their poetry, propounding it and reciting it on their behalf to others; they are thus reprehensible.
 
Ayah  26:225  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Have you not noticed that â are you not aware that â in every valley, of the valleys of rhetoric and the art thereof, they rove, overstepping the bounds [of decency] in [their] eulogies and diatribes,
 
Ayah  26:226  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
and that they say, we do, what they do not do?, in other words, that they lie.
 
Ayah  26:227  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Save those, poets, who believe and perform righteous deeds and remember God frequently, in other words, [those whom] poetry does not distract from the remembrance [of God], and vindicate themselves, by lampooning the disbelievers, after they have been wronged, by the disbelieversâ reviling of them [as belonging] together with all believers â such [individuals] are not reprehensible. God, exalted be He, says: God does not like the utterance of evil words out loud, unless a person has been wronged [Q. 4:148]; He, exalted be He, also says: so whoever commits aggression against you, commit aggression against him in the manner that he committed against you [Q. 2:194]; and those, poets and others, who are wrongdoers will soon know the reversal, the return, with which they will meet, [by which] they will return, after death.





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