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40. Surah Ghâfir سورة غافر

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This Surah (Revealed) Meccan, except for verses 56 and 57, which are Medinese; it consists of 85 verses, revealed after [sūrat] alZumar. (Ghâfir)
 
Ayah  40:1  الأية
بِسْم ِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Ayah First  1  الأية
Tafseer
 
Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].
 
Ayah  40:2  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
The revelation of the Book, the Qurâān (tanzīluâl-kitābi is the subject), is from God (minaâLlāhi is its predicate), the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Knower, of His creatures.
 
Ayah  40:3  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Forgiver of sins, for believers, and Accepter of repentance, from them (al-tawb is the verbal noun), Severe in punishment, of disbelievers â in other words, One Who makes it severe for them â One of [abundant] bounty, bestower of abundant grace â God is eternally possessed of all of these attributes, and so the annexation construction using the derivatives [of these attributes] is for the purposes of characterisation, as in the case of the last. There is no god except Him; to Him is the journeying, the [ultimate] return.
 
Ayah  40:4  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
None dispute the signs of God â the Qurâān â except those who disbelieve, from among the people of Mecca, so do not be deceived by their bustle in the towns, [going about] seeking their livelihood in security, for the sequel for them will be the Fire.
 
Ayah  40:5  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
546 The people of Noah denied before them and [also] the factions, such as âĀd, Thamūd and others, [who came] after them. And every community sought to seize their messenger, to slay him, and they argued falsely [thinking] to rebut, to eliminate, thereby the truth. Then I seized them, with punishment; so how [fitting] was My punishment!, of them â in other words, it was appropriate.
 
Ayah  40:6  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And thus was the word of your Lord â namely, the verse: Assuredly I will fill Hell â [Q. 11:119] â fulfilled against those who disbelieve: that they shall be the inhabitants of the Fire (annahum ashābuâl-nāri substitutes for kalimatu, âthe wordâ).
 
Ayah  40:7  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Those who bear the Throne (alladhīna yahmilūnaâl-âarsha is the subject) and those around it (wa-man hawlahu is a supplement to that [subject]) glorify (yusabbihūna, is the predicate thereof) with praise of their Lord, continuously proclaiming praise, in other words, [continuously] saying: subhānaâLlāhi wa-bi-hamdihi, âGlory, and praise, be to Godâ; and they believe in Him, exalted be He, through their power of discernment, in other words, they affirm the truth of His Oneness, and they ask forgiveness for those who believe, saying: âOur Lord, You embrace all things in [Your] mercy and knowledge, that is to say, Your mercy embraces all things and Your knowledge [also embraces] all things. So forgive those who repent, of idolatry, and follow Your way â the religion of Islam â and shield them from the chastisement of Hell-fire, that is, the Fire.
 
Ayah  40:8  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Our Lord, and admit them into the Gardens of Eden, as [a place of] residence [for them], that which You have promised them, along with whoever were righteous (wa-man salaha is a supplement [either] to [the pronominal third person plural suffix] hum, âthemâ in wa-adkhilhum, âand admit themâ, or in waâadttahum, âYou have promised themâ) among their fathers and their wives and their descendants. Surely You are the One Who is the Mighty, the Wise, in what He does.
 
Ayah  40:9  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And shield them from evil deeds, that is, [from] the chastisement thereof; for whomever You shield from evil deeds that day, the Day of Resurrection, verily him You will have had been merciful to; and that is indeed the supreme triumphâ.
 
Ayah  40:10  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Indeed to those who disbelieve it will be proclaimed [to them], from the part of the angels, as they [disbelievers] enter the Fire in utter loathing of themselves: âSurely Godâs loathing, of you, is greater than your loathing of yourselves, as you were called, [during life] in this world, to faith but you used to disbelieveâ.
 
Ayah  40:11  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They will say, âOur Lord, You have caused us to die twice, two deaths, and You have given us life twice â for they were lifeless drops of semen, then they were given life, then made to die, then brought back to life for the Resurrection. We [now] confess our sins, in having disbelieved in the Resurrection. Is there then any way to go out?â, out of the Fire and return to the world to be obedient to our Lord? The answer given to them will be: No!
 
Ayah  40:12  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
That, namely, the chastisement which you find yourselves in, is because, during [the life of] this world, when God was invoked alone, you would disbelieve, in His Oneness; but if partners were ascribed to Him, 547 you would believe, you would accept such idolatry. So the judgement, to chastise you, belongs to God, the Exalted, above His creation, the Great, the Tremendous.
 
Ayah  40:13  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He it is Who shows you His signs, the proofs of His Oneness, and sends down from the heaven for you provision, by way of rain. Yet no one remembers, [no one] is admonished, except him who returns penitently, [who] recants idolatry.
 
Ayah  40:14  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So supplicate God, worship Him, devoting [your] religion purely to Him, [free] from any idolatry, however much the disbelievers be averse, to its being free of such [idolatry].
 
Ayah  40:15  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Exalter of ranks, [either means] that God is One Whose attributes are majestic â or [it means] the raiser of the ranks of believers in Paradise â Lord of the Throne, in other words, the Creator thereof, He casts the Spirit, the Revelation, of His command, that is, [of] His words, upon whomever He will of His servants, that he, the one upon whom it is cast, may warn them of, [that he may] make people fear, the Day of Encounter (read yawmaâl-talāqi, omitting the [final long] yāâ, or yawmaâl-talāqī), that is to say, the Day of Resurrection, [so called] because thereat the inhabitants of the heavens will encounter those of the earth, and the worshipper [will encounter] the one whom he worshipped, and the wrongdoer [will encounter] the person whom he wronged;
 
Ayah  40:16  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
the day when they will emerge, [the day] they will exit from their graves; nothing about them will be hidden from God. âTo whom does Sovereignty belong today?â â God, exalted be He, asks this and Himself responds â âTo God, the One, the All-compelling!â, over His creatures.
 
Ayah  40:17  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Today every soul shall be requited for what it has earned; there will be no injustice today. Indeed God is swift at reckoningâ, reckoning with all of creation in the space of half a day of the days of this world â a hadīth states this.
 
Ayah  40:18  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And warn them of the Impending Day, namely, the Day of Resurrection (al-azifa, as in azifa al-rahīlu, âdeparture is very nearâ) when the hearts will, rising up in fear, reach the throats, choking with anguish, filled with [suppressed] anxiety (kāzimīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-qulūbu, âthe heartsâ, which is qualified by the [active animate participle] plural [kāzimīna] and referred to as though they were the very individuals themselves). The evildoers will not have any intimate [friend], [any] sympathiser, nor any intercessor who might be heeded â the adjectival qualification [âwho might be heededâ] has no [literal] significance, for they do not have intercessors in the first place: So [now] we have no intercessors â [Q. 26:100]. The first part, however, may [be said to] have significance if [understand] on the basis of their claim to have intercessors, and so, in other words, even if â hypothetically speaking â they [their intercessors] did intercede for them, they would not be heeded.
 
Ayah  40:19  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He, namely, God, knows the treachery of the eyes, when it steals a glance at what is prohibited [for it to look at], and what the breasts hide â [what] the hearts [hide].
 
Ayah  40:20  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
548 And God decrees with truth, while those on whom they call, whom they worship, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca (read yadâūna, âthey callâ, or tadâūna, âyou callâ) besides Him â and these are the idols â do not decree by any means [at all]: so how can they be Godâs associates? Truly God is the Hearer, of their sayings, the Seer, of their actions.
 
Ayah  40:21  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Have they not travelled in the land and beheld the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? They were more powerful than them (a variant reading has minkum, âthan yourselvesâ) in strength and in [their] vestiges on earth, in the way of large structures and palaces. Yet God seized them, He destroyed them, for their sins and they had none to shield them from God, from His chastisement.
 
Ayah  40:22  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
That was because their messengers used to bring them clear signs, manifest miracles, but they disbelieved. So God seized them. Indeed He is Strong, Severe in punishment.
 
Ayah  40:23  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And verily We sent Moses with Our signs and a clear warrant, an evident and manifest proof,
 
Ayah  40:24  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
to Pharaoh and Hāmān and Korah, but they said â that he was â âA sorcerer, a [mere] liar!â
 
Ayah  40:25  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So when he brought them the truth from Us, they said, âSlay the sons of those who believe with him, and spare, keep alive, their womenâ. But the guile of the disbelievers is ever in error, in perdition.
 
Ayah  40:26  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And Pharaoh said, âLet me slay Moses â for they used to restrain him from slaying him â and let him call to his Lord, to defend him against me. Indeed I fear that he may change your religion, [involving] your worship of me, so that you will then follow him [in his religion], or that he may cause corruption to appear in the landâ, by [initiating] killing and otherwise (a variant reading [for wa-an, âand thatâ] is aw-an, âor thatâ; a variant reading [for an yuzhira fīâl-ardiâl-fasāda] is [the impersonal construction] an yazhara fīâl-ardiâl-fasādu, âthat corruption may appear in the landâ).
 
Ayah  40:27  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And Moses said, to his people, after he had heard that [saying of Pharaoh]: âIndeed I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord from every arrogant one who does not believe in the Day of Reckoningâ.
 
Ayah  40:28  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then said a believing man from among Pharaohâs folk â this is said to have been his paternal cousin â who had concealed his faith, âWill you slay a man for saying, âMy Lord is Godâ, even though he has [also] brought you clear signs, manifest miracles, from your Lord? If he is lying, then his mendacity will be to his own detriment, that is, the harm resulting from his mendacity [will be to his own detriment]; but if he is truthful, then there will befall you some of that with which he is threatening you, in the way of chastisement, soon. Truly God does not guide one who is a prodigal, an idolater, a liar.
 
Ayah  40:29  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
549 O my people! Today the kingdom is yours:
 
Ayah  you are] dominant, prevailing (zāhirīna, a circumstantial qualifier) in the land, the land of Egypt. But who will help us against the might of God, [against] His chastisement, if you [resolve to] slay His friends, should it reach us?â In other words, we would have no helper. Pharaoh said, âI only point out to you what I see [to be best], that is to say, I only suggest to you what I suggest to myself, and that is, to kill Moses [would be best]; and I am only guiding you to the path of rectitudeâ, [to] the correct way.
 
Ayah  40:30  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then said he who believed, âO my people! Truly I fear for you [a day] like the day of the factions, in other words, the day of one faction [being destroyed] after another;
 
Ayah  40:31  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
like the case of the people of Noah, and âĀd, and Thamūd, and those [who came] after them (mithla, âlikeâ, substitutes for the previous mithla, âlikeâ) in other words, the same requital as was customarily dealt to those who disbelieved before you, of their being chastised in this world, and God does not desire to wrong [any of] His servants.
 
Ayah  40:32  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And O my people! Truly I fear for you a day of [mutual] calling (read yawmaâl-tanādi, omitting the [final long] yāâ, or retaining it thus: yawmaâl-tanādī) that is to say, the Day of Resurrection, in which repeated calls are made by those meriting Paradise to those meriting the Fire and vice versa, as well as calls [proclaiming] good fortune for those who merit the former and misery for those who merit the latter and [many] other such [calls],
 
Ayah  40:33  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
a day when you will turn back to flee, from the site of the Reckoning [leading] to the Fire, not having anyone to defend you, to protect you, from God, in other words, from His chastisement, and whomever God leads astray, for him there is no guide.
 
Ayah  40:34  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And verily Joseph brought you, before, in other words, before Moses â according to one opinion, this Joseph is the son of Jacob, having been given life until the time of Moses; according to another opinion this is Joseph son of Abraham son of Joseph son of Jacob â clear signs, manifest miracles, but you continued to be in doubt concerning what he had brought you until, when he died, you said, without any evidence [to support such a claim]: âGod will never send any messenger after himâ â in other words, you will never cease to disbelieve in Joseph and others [that may come after him]. So, that is, just as you have been led astray, God leads astray one who is a prodigal, an idolater, a skepticâ, a doubter of that which the clear signs have certified.
 
Ayah  40:35  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Those who dispute the signs of God, His miracles (alladhīna yujādilūna fī āyātiâLlāhi, the subject) without any warrant, any evidence, that has come to them â greatly hateful [is that], disputing of theirs (kabura, the predicate of the subject) in the sight of God and in the sight of those who believe. So, just as they have been led astray, God sets a seal, of misguidance, on the heart of every arrogant tyrant (read qalbin, âthe heart ofâ, with nunation, or without, qalbi). As the heart grows arrogant, so does the individual and vice versa (kulli, in both readings, is meant to indicate the totality of the misguidance of such hearts, not the totality of the hearts).
 
Ayah  40:36  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
550 And Pharaoh said, âO Hāmān! Build for me a tower, a lofty edifice, that perhaps I may reach the routes â
 
Ayah  40:37  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
the routes of the heavens â the paths that lead to it, and look upon (read [indicative] fa-attaliâu as a supplement to ablughu, âI may reachâ; or read [subjunctive] fa-attaliâa, as the response to ibni lī, âbuild for meâ) the God of Moses; for I truly think that he, that is, Moses, is lyingâ, about his having a god other than me â Pharaoh said this in order to disguise [the truth]. And that is how the evil [nature] of his conduct was made to seem fair to Pharaoh, and [that is how] he was barred from the [right] way, the path to guidance (read sadda, â[that is how] he barred [others]â, or sudda, â[that is how] he was barredâ). And Pharaohâs guile ended only in ruin, loss.
 
Ayah  40:38  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And he who believed, âO my people! Follow me (read ittabiâūnī, with the [final long] yāâ, or ittabiâūni, without); I will guide you to the way of rectitude ([a similar statement] has already been mentioned [verse 29, above]).
 
Ayah  40:39  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
O my people! Truly this life of the world is only an [ephemeral] enjoyment, [containing] comforts which will [eventually] disappear, whereas the Hereafter truly is the enduring abode.
 
Ayah  40:40  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Whoever commits an evil deed shall not be requited except with the like of it; but whoever acts righteously, whether male or female, and is a believer â such shall be admitted into Paradise (read [passive] yudkhalūna, or the opposite [active yadkhulūna, âthey shall enterâ) wherein they will be provided without any reckoning, an abundant provision, [given to them] unconditionally.
 
Ayah  40:41  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And O my people! [Think] what makes me call you to deliverance when you call me to the Fire?
 
Ayah  40:42  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
You call me to disbelieve in God and to associate with Him that whereof I have no knowledge, whereas I call you to the Mighty, Whose way [always] prevails, the Forgiver, to those who repent.
 
Ayah  40:43  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
No doubt, verily, that to which you call me, to worship, has no call [that is heard], in other words, [has no] call answered, in this world or in the Hereafter, and indeed our return will be to God, and indeed the prodigal, the disbelievers, it is they who will be the inhabitants of the Fire.
 
Ayah  40:44  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
For you will [soon] remember what I have said to you, when you see the chastisement with your own eyes. And I entrust my affair to God. Truly God is Seer of [His] servantsâ â he said this after they threatened him [with retribution] for opposing their religion.
 
Ayah  40:45  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So God shielded him from the evils of what they had plotted, against him, in the way of killing [him], and there besieged, befell, the folk of Pharaoh, his people as well as him, a dreadful chastisement, drowning, 551
 
Ayah  40:46  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
then: the Fire, to which they are exposed, in which they are burnt, morning and evening. And on the day when the Hour comes, it will be said: âEnter, O, folk of Pharaoh (a variant reading [for udkhulū, âenterâ] has adkhilū, âadmitâ, being a command to the angels) the most awful chastisement!â, the chastisement of Hell.
 
Ayah  40:47  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And, mention, when they will be arguing, [when] they, the disbelievers, will be disputing, [with one another] in the Fire, and the weak will say to those who were arrogant, âIndeed we were your followers (tabaâan is the plural of tābiâ); so will you [now] avail, [will you] defend, us against any portion of the Fire?â
 
Ayah  40:48  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Those who were arrogant will say, âIndeed we are all [together] in it. God has indeed judged [fairly] between His servantsâ, admitting believers into Paradise and disbelievers into the Fire.
 
Ayah  40:49  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And those who are in the Fire will say to the keepers of Hell, âCall on your Lord that He relieve us of [at least] a day, in other words, the equivalent of one day, of the chastisement!â
 
Ayah  40:50  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
They, that is, the keepers, will say, mockingly: âDid not your messengers bring you clear signs?â, manifest miracles? They will say, âYes indeedâ â in other words, they disbelieved them. They will say, âThen supplicate [God]!â, yourselves, for we do not intercede for disbelievers. God, exalted be He, says: but the supplications of the disbelievers can only be misguided, void.
 
Ayah  40:51  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly We shall help Our messengers and those who believe, in the life of this world and on the day when the witnesses rise up (ashhād is the plural of shāhid) â these are the angels, who will testify in support of the messengers, that they indeed delivered [their Messages], and against the disbelievers, that they denied [them];
 
Ayah  40:52  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
the day when their excuses will not benefit (read lā yanfaâu, or lā tanfaâu) the evildoers, [even] if they were to offer them, and theirs will be the curse, in other words, the banishment from [Godâs] Mercy, and theirs will be the ills of the [ultimate] abode, in the Hereafter, meaning, the most severe of its chastisements.
 
Ayah  40:53  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And verily We gave Moses the guidance, the Torah and miracles, and We made the Children of Israel, after Moses, heirs to the scripture, the Torah,
 
Ayah  40:54  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
as a guidance, to guide, and as a remembrance for people of pith, a reminder for possessors of intellect.
 
Ayah  40:55  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So be patient, O Muhammad (s). Surely Godâs promise, to grant victory to His friends, is true â for you and whoever follows you are among such [friends]. And ask forgiveness for your sin, so that you will be emulated in this [by your community], and glorify, perform prayer, continuously, with praise of your Lord at 552 night â which means after sunset â and in the early hours: the five prayers.
 
Ayah  40:56  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly those who dispute the signs of God, the Qurâān, without any warrant, any evidence, that has come to them â there is only vanity in their breasts, [only] arrogance and an [evil] desire to get the better of you, which they will never attain [and satisfy]. So seek refuge with God, from their evil. Surely He is the Hearer, of their sayings, the Seer, of their state.
 
Ayah  40:57  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
The following was revealed regarding the deniers of resurrection: Assuredly the creation of the heavens and the earth, as an [unprecedented] first act, is greater than the creation of mankind, a second time â which is the restoration [of them after death]; but most people, namely, the disbelievers of Mecca, do not know, this, and so they are like the blind, whereas those who know it are like those who have sight.
 
Ayah  40:58  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And the blind one and the seer are not equal; nor are [they equal] those who believe and perform righteous deeds â such a person being the virtuous one â and the evildoer (wa-lāâl-musīâu: lā here is extra). Little do they reflect, [little] are they admonished (read yatadhakkarūna, or [second person plural] tatadhakkarūna, âdo you reflectâ), in other words, their reflections are very few.
 
Ayah  40:59  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Truly the Hour is coming; there is no doubt in it. But most people do not believe, in it.
 
Ayah  40:60  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And your Lord has said, âCall on Me and I will respond to you, in other words, worship Me and I will reward you â judging [this to be the meaning] by what follows. Surely those who disdain to worship Me shall enter (sa-yadkhulūna, or [passive] sa-yudkhalūna, âthey shall be admitted intoâ) Hell [utterly] humiliatedâ, abased.
 
Ayah  40:61  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
God it is Who made for you night that you may rest in it, and day for seeing â the attribution of sight (ibsār) to âdayâ is figurative, and it is [so attributed] because one is able to see in it. Surely God is a Lord of bounty to mankind, but most people are not thankful, to God, and so they do not believe.
 
Ayah  40:62  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
That then is God, your Lord, the Creator of all things; there is no god except Him. How then are you made to deviate?, how then are you turned away from faith, despite the evidence having been established [for it]?
 
Ayah  40:63  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So deviate, that is, in the same way that these [Meccans] deviate, deviate, those who used to deny the signs of God, His miracles.
 
Ayah  40:64  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
God it is Who made for you the earth as a [stable] abode and the heaven as a canopy, a ceiling. And He formed you and perfected your forms, and provided you with [all] the wholesome things. That then is God, your Lord, so blessed be God, the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  40:65  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
553 He is the Living; there is no god except Him. So supplicate Him, worship Him, devoting [your] religion purely to Him, [free] from any idolatry. Praise be to God, the Lord of the Worlds.
 
Ayah  40:66  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Say: âI have been forbidden to worship those on whom you call, [those whom] you worship, besides God, since there have come to me clear signs, proofs of His Oneness, from my Lord; and I have been commanded to submit to the Lord of the Worldsâ.
 
Ayah  40:67  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He it is Who created you from dust, by having created your father Adam from it, then from a drop [of sperm], then from a blood-clot, congealed blood, then He brings you forth as infants, then, He sustains you, that you may come of age, [until you have attained] your full strength â [this being] from the age of thirty to forty â then that you may become aged (read shuyūkhan or shiyūkhan)â though there are some of you who die earlier, that is, before coming of age or becoming aged. He does this to you so that you may live [on], and that you may complete an appointed term, a defined length of time, that perhaps you might understand, the proofs of [His] Oneness and thus become believers.
 
Ayah  40:68  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
He it is Who gives life and brings death. So when He decides upon a matter, [when] He wants to bring something into existence, He only says to it âBe!â and it is (read fa-yakūnu, or fa-yakūna [in the subjunctive] on account of an implied [preceding] an). In other words, it comes into existence after He has willed it, that which is signified by the said words.
 
Ayah  40:69  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Have you not regarded those who dispute the signs of God, the Qurâān, how they are turned away?, from faith â
 
Ayah  40:70  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
those who deny the Book, the Qurâān, and that wherewith We have sent Our messengers, in the way of the affirmation of [Godâs] Oneness and [belief in] the Resurrection â and these [deniers] are the Meccan disbelievers. But they will come to know, the punishment for their denials;
 
Ayah  40:71  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
when (idh has the meaning of idhā) [with] fetters around their necks and chains (waâl-salāsilu, a supplement to al-aghlālu, âfettersâ, so that the meaning is that these [chains] are also around their necks; or it [alsalāsilu, âchainsâ] is the subject, the predicate of which has been omitted, in other words [the meaning being]: around their feet [will be these chains] â or [alternatively] its predicate is [the following, yushabūna]), they are dragged, in other words, they are dragged away by these [chains].
 
Ayah  40:72  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
into the boiling water, that is, [into] Hell, then in the Fire they are set aflame.
 
Ayah  40:73  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then it will be said to them, in reproach: âWhere are those whom you used to make partners,
 
Ayah  40:74  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
554 besides God?â, alongside Him, and these are the idols. They will say, âThey have forsaken, abandoned, us, and so we cannot see them. Nay, but [actually] we were not invoking anything beforeâ. They deny that they used to worship these [idols]; but then these [idols] are brought [before them] â [which is where] God, exalted be He, says: âTruly you and what you worship besides God shall be fuel for Hellâ [Q. 21:98]). So, in the same way that these disbelievers have been led astray, God leads astray the disbelievers.
 
Ayah  40:75  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And it will also be said to them: âThat, chastisement, is because you used to exult in the earth without right, by [your] idolatry and denial of resurrection, and because you were insolent, committing acts of disobedience in abundance.
 
Ayah  40:76  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Enter the gates of Hell, to abide thereinâ. Evil then is the [ultimate] abode of the arrogant!
 
Ayah  40:77  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
So be patient. Assuredly Godâs promise, to chastise them, is true. And if We show you (fa-immā contains an assimilated conditional particle in; the mā is extra and emphasises the conditional import at the beginning of the verb, while the nūn emphasises it at the end) a part of what We promise them, of chastisement, in your lifetime (the response to the conditional has been omitted, in other words [it is something like]: âthen so be it!â) â or We take you unto Us [in death], before their chastisement, then [in any case] to Us they will be returned, whereupon We shall chastise them with the most severe punishment (this [last] mentioned response is that of the supplement only).
 
Ayah  40:78  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And verily We sent messengers before you. Of them are those whom We have recounted to you, and of them are those whom We have not recounted to you: it is reported that God, exalted be He, sent 8,000 prophets, 4,000 prophets [sent] from among the Children of Israel and [the other] 4,000 from among the remainder of mankind. And it was never [permitted] for any messenger, from among them, to bring a sign except with Godâs permission, for they are [also] servants enthralled [by Him]. Hence when Godâs command comes, for the chastisement to be sent down on the disbelievers, judgement, between the messengers and their deniers, is passed justly; and it is thence that the advocates of falsehood become losers, that is to say, [it is thence that] the judgement and the loss become manifest for mankind, although such [advocates of falsehood] will have always been losers always before that.
 
Ayah  40:79  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
God it is Who made for you cattle â it is said that âcamelsâ are specifically meant here, even though it seems to signify cows and sheep also â that you may ride some of them and eat of some.
 
Ayah  40:80  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And there are [other] uses for you in them, such as [their] milk, offspring, fur and wool, and that by them you may satisfy any need that is in your breasts, namely, to transport heavy loads to [other] lands, and on them, on land, and on the ships, in the sea, you are carried.
 
Ayah  40:81  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And He shows you His signs. So which of Godâs signs, that is, [the signs] that prove His Oneness, do you reject? (the interrogative here is meant as a rebuke; ayya, âwhich ofâ is more commonly made masculine than feminine).
 
Ayah  40:82  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
555 Have they not travelled across the land to see the nature of the consequence for those before them? They were more powerful than them in might and in [their] vestiges on earth, in the way of large structures and palaces. But what they used to earn did not avail them.
 
Ayah  40:83  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
And when their messengers brought them clear signs, manifest miracles, they, the disbelievers, exulted in the knowledge they, the messengers, possessed, an exultation that entailed mockery and amusement, as they rejected such [knowledge], and there besieged, befell, them that which they used to deride, namely, the chastisement.
 
Ayah  40:84  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
Then, when they saw Our doom, that is, the severity of Our chastisement, they said, âWe believe in God alone, and we disavow what we used to associate with Himâ.
 
Ayah  40:85  الأية
 
Tafseer
 
But their faith was of no benefit to them when they saw Our doom â [This is] Godâs way (sunnataâLlāhi is in the accusative because it functions as a verbal noun from an implicit verb of the same expression) with the believers, among all communities, which is that faith is of no benefit to them once the chastisement has been sent down, which has its precdent; and it is thence that the disbelievers will be losers â [it is thence that] their status as losers will become apparent to all [of mankind], even though they will have always been losers before that.





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