This Surah (Revealed) Meccan [entirely], or as some say [Meccan] with the exception of verse 45, which
is Medinese; it consists of 89 verses, revealed after [sūrat] al-Shūrā.(Az-Zukhruf )
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| بِسْم ِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ | |
Tafseer
Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these [letters].
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Tafseer
By the Book, the Qurâān, that clarifies, the one that manifests the path of
guidance and what one needs of [the prescriptions of] the Law.
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Tafseer
Lo! We have made it, We have brought the Book into existence [as], an Arabic
Qurâān, in the language of the Arabs, that perhaps you, O people of Mecca, may understand, [that you may]
comprehend its meanings.
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Tafseer
And it is indeed, fixed, in the Mother Book, the source of all the scriptures,
namely, the Preserved Tablet, [which is] with Us (ladaynā substitutes [for fī ummiâl-kitābi, âin the Mother
Bookâ]) [and it is] indeed exalted, above [all] the scriptures [that came] before it, wise, containing excellent
wisdoms.
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Tafseer
Shall We turn away, [shall We] withhold, from you the Remembrance, the Qurâān,
utterly, an utter withholding, so that you are then neither commanded nor forbidden, because you
are a profligate, an idolatrous, folk? No!
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Tafseer
And how many a prophet did We send among the ancients!
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Tafseer
And never did a prophet come to them but that they used to deride him, in the
same way that your people deride you â this [statement] is intended to comfort the Prophet (s).
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Tafseer
So We destroyed those who were mightier than them â than your people â in
prowess, strength, and [already] there passed, there has been mentioned in previous verses, the example
of the ancients, the description of how they were destroyed, and thus the sequel for your people will
be the same. 570
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Tafseer
And if (wa-la-in: the lām is for oaths) you ask them, âWho created the heavens
and the earth?â they will surely say (the indicative nūn has been omitted because of the other nūn coming
after it, and likewise the wāw [replaced by the damma in -lunna], because of two unvowelled consonants
coming together), âThe Mighty, the Knower created themâ â [this would have to be] their eventual
response, that is to say, God [created them], Lord of Might and Knowledge. God, exalted be He, adds:
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Tafseer
He Who made the earth a cradle for you, a flat resting-place, like a childâs
cradle, and placed for you therein ways, routes, that perhaps you may be guided, to your destinations during your
travels;
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Tafseer
and Who sent down water from the heaven in measure, that is to say, in the
measure that you require thereof and did not send it down in a deluge, and We revived with it a dead
land. Thus â like this revivification â will you be brought forth, from your graves, alive;
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Tafseer
and Who created the pairs, the species, all of them, and made for you ships and
cattle, such as camels, on which you ride (the referential pronoun has been omitted here for brevity; it is
genitive in the case of the first, that is, fīhi [sc. tarkabūna fīhi, âyou ride in themâ] and accusative in
the case of the second [sc. tarkabūnahā, âyou ride themâ]),
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Tafseer
that you may sit, that you may find a firm position, upon their backs (He has
made the [suffixed] pronoun a masculine plural and rendered zahr, âbackâ, plural because of the particle mā
and its [plural] import); and then remember your Lordâs grace when you are settled on them, and say, âGlory be
to Him Who has disposed this for us, and we [by] ourselves were no match for it, [not] capable
[of it].
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Tafseer
And indeed it is to our Lord that we shall returnâ, [to Him that] we shall
depart.
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Tafseer
And they assign to Him from among His own servants a part, when they say that
the angels are Godâs daughters â for a child is a part of its parent â even though the angels are
[like them] servants of His, exalted be He. Man, [such as the one] who says the above-mentioned [words], is
verily a manifest ingrate, one whose ungratefulness is manifest and clear.
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Tafseer
Or (am has the significance of the hamza of denial; the âsayingâ is implied, in
other words, a-taqūlūna, â[or] do you say that ââ) He has adopted, from all that He has created, daughters, for
Himself, and preferred you, privileged you, with sons? â that which is the necessary inference from what you
claim and which by itself is an abomination.
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Tafseer
And when one of them is given the good tidings of that which he has attributed
to the Compassionate One, [of that which] he has likened to Him by the ascription to Him of daughters â
for a child is likened to its 571 parent; in other words, when one of them is informed that a daughter has been
born to him, his face becomes darkened, transformed into one laden with anguish, and he chokes
inwardly, filled with anguish: so how can such a person then attribute daughters to Him? Exalted be He high above
such [claims].
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Tafseer
What! (a-wa contains both the hamza of denial and the conjunctive waw, âandâ, in
other words, âdo they ascribe to God ââ) one that is brought up amid trinkets, ornaments, and is
incoherent in a dispute?, [unable] to argue clearly because of an [inherent] inability [in this respect] as a
result of [that person belonging to] the female sex.
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Tafseer
And they have made the angels, who are themselves servants of the Compassionate
One, females. Did they witness, were they present at, their creation? Their testimony, to the effect
that they are females, will be written down and they will be questioned, about it in the Hereafter, wherefore
punishment will ensue for them.
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Tafseer
And they say, âHad the Compassionate One [so] willed, we would not have
worshipped themâ, the angels: therefore our worship of them happens by His will and so He must be satisfied
with it. God, exalted be He, says: They do not have any knowledge of that, which is said of His being
satisfied with the worship of these [angels]; and they are only surmising, inventing lies in this [respect] and so
punishment will befall them as a result thereof.
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Tafseer
Or have We brought them a scripture before, that is, [before] the Qurâān, that
they should worship other than God, so that they are holding fast to it? In other words, this never
happened.
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Tafseer
Nay, but they say, âLo! we found our fathers following a [certain] creed and we
are indeed, proceeding, in their footsteps to be guidedâ, by them, for they used to worship other than God.
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Tafseer
And thus We never sent a warner before you into any city without that its
affluent folk, those of comfortable means, said, the like of what your people say: âLo! we found our fathers
following a [certain] creed and [so] we are indeed following in their footstepsâ.
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Tafseer
Say, to them: âWhat! Will you follow them, even if I bring you a better [means
to] guidance than what you found your fathers following?â They say, âLo! we disbelieve in what you, and
those before you, are sent withâ. God, exalted be He, says to them, as a threat to them:
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Tafseer
So We took vengeance on them, that is to say, on those who denied the messengers
before you; behold then how was the sequel for the deniers.
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Tafseer
And, mention, when Abraham said to his father and his people, âSurely I am
innocent of that which you 572 worship,
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Tafseer
except Him Who originated, created, me; for He will indeed guide meâ, He will
show me the way to His religion.
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Tafseer
And he made it, namely, the statement of the affirmation of [Godâs] Oneness,
understood from his words, I shall indeed depart to my Lord; He will guide me [Q. 37:99], a word enduring
among his posterity, his descendants, and thus there still remains among them those who affirm the
Oneness of [God]; that perhaps they, that is, the people of Mecca, might recant, what they follow [and return]
to the religion of their forefather Abraham.
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