| This Surah (Revealed) Meccan, consisting of 52 verses.(Al-Qalam)
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| بِسْم ِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ | |
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Tafseer
Nūn, one of the letters of the alphabet: God knows best what He means by it. By
the Pen, with which He has inscribed [the records of] all creatures in the Preserved Tablet, and what
they inscribe, that is, the angels, of good and righteousness.
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Tafseer
You are not, O Muhammad (s), by the grace of your Lord, a madman, that is to
say, madness is precluded in your case, on account of your Lordâs grace to you by way of [His assigning to
you] prophethood and in other ways â this was a refutation of their saying that he was a madman.
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Tafseer
And assuredly you will have an unfailing reward.
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Tafseer
And assuredly you possess a magnificent nature, [a magnificent] religion.
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Tafseer
Then you will see and they will see,
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Tafseer
which of you is demented (al-maftūn is a verbal noun, similar [in expressional
form] to al-maâqūl, âintelligibleâ; al-futūn meaning al-junūn, âinsanityâ) in other words, is it
[this insanity] in you or in them?
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Tafseer
Assuredly your Lord knows best those who stray from His way, and He knows best
those who are guided, to Him.
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Tafseer
So do not obey the deniers.
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Tafseer
They desire, they yearn, that (law relates to the verbal action) you should be
pliable, [that] you should yield to them, so that they may be pliable [towards you], [so that] they may yield to
you (fa-yudhinūna is a supplement to tudhinu, âyou should be pliableâ, but if it is understood to be
the response to the optative clause of waddū, âthey yearnâ, then [a free standing pronoun] hum should be read
as implied before it after the fāâ [sc. fa-hum yudhinūna]). 679
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Tafseer
And do not obey any mean, despicable, oath-monger, given to frequent swearing by
falsehood,
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Tafseer
backbiting, faultfinder, that is to say, calumniator, scandal-monger, spreading
[evil] talk among people in order to sow dissension between them,
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Tafseer
hinderer of good, niggardly with his wealth against deserving causes, sinful
transgressor, wrongdoer,
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Tafseer
coarse-grained, crude, moreover ignoble, an adopted son of Quraysh â namely,
al-Walīd b. al-Mughīra, whose father claimed him after eighteen years; Ibn âAbbās said, âWe know of no
one whom God has described in the derogatory way in which He describes him, blighting him with
ignominy that will never leave him (the adverbial qualifier [baâda dhālika, âmoreoverâ] is semantically
connected to zanīm, âignobleâ) â
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Tafseer
[only] because (an should be understood as li-an, âbecauseâ, and it is
semantically connected to that [meaning] which it is indicating) he has wealth and sons.
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Tafseer
When Our signs â the Qurâān â are recited to him, he says, that they are
[merely], âFables of the ancients!â, in other words, he denies them [in arrogance] on account of the
mentioned things which We have bestowed on him out of Our grace (a variant reading [for an of the previous
verse] has [the interrogative] a-an).
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Tafseer
We shall brand him on the snout: We shall leave a distinguishing mark upon his
nose, one by which he will be reviled for as long as he lives; and so his nose was chopped off by a sword
at Badr.
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Tafseer
Indeed We have tried them, We have tested the people of Mecca with drought and
famine, just as We tried the owners of the garden, the orchard, when they vowed that they would pluck,
[that] they would pick its fruits, in the morning, so that the poor folk would not notice them and so that
they would not then have to give them of it that [portion] which their father used to give them of it by way
of charity.
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Tafseer
And they did not make any exception, to their vow, for Godâs will (the sentence
is a new [syntactically independent] one, in other words: and that was their condition).
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Tafseer
Then a visitation from your Lord visited it, [that is] a fire consumed it during
the night, while they slept.
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Tafseer
680 So by the morning it was like the darkness of night, in other words, black.
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Tafseer
They then called out to one another in the morning,
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Tafseer
[saying], âGo forth early to your tillage, your produce (aniâghdū âalā harthikum
constitutes an explication of [the import of] tanādaw, âthey called out to one anotherâ; otherwise, an relates
to the verbal action, [to be understood as] being bi-an) if you are going to pluckâ, if your intention is to
pick [the fruits] (the response to the conditional is indicated by what preceded it).
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Tafseer
So off they went, whispering to one another, talking secretly:
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Tafseer
âNo needy person shall today come to you in itâ (this constitutes the
explication of the preceding [verse]; or else, an relates to the verbal action, [to be understood] to mean bi-an).
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Tafseer
And they went forth early, supposing themselves, able to prohibit, to prevent
the poor folk [from enjoying the fruit].
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Tafseer
But when they saw it, blackened and charred, they said, âAssuredly we have
strayed!â, from it, that is to say: this is not the one. Then when they recognised it, they said:
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Tafseer
âNay, but we have been deprived!â, of its fruits, by our denying it to the poor
folk.
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Tafseer
The most moderate, the best one, among them said, âDid I not say to you, âWhy do
you not glorify?â â, God, repenting [to Him].
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