Jundab b. Sufyan reported: I was with Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) on the day of 'Id al-Adha. While
he had not returned after having offered (the Id prayer)
and finished it, he saw the flesh of the sacrificial
animals which had been slaughtered before he had completed
the prayer. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: One who
slaughtered his sacrificial animal before his prayer or
our prayer ('Id), he should slaughter another one in its
stead, and he who did not slaughter, he should slaughter
by reciting the name of Allah.
Jundab b. Sufyan reported: I was with Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) (on the occasion) of 'Id al-Adha.
After he had completed the prayer with people, he found
that the goats had been slaughtered, whereupon he said: He
who slaughtered sacrificial animal before the prayer
should slaughter a goat (again) in its stead and he who
has not slaughtered he should slaughter it by reciting the
name of Allah.
Jundab al-Bajali reported: I saw Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) observing ('Id) prayer on the Day of
Sacrifice (10th of Dhu'l-Hijja) and then delivering a
sermon and he said: He who sacrificed the (animal) before
offering ('Id) prayer, he should offer again in its stead,
and he who did not sacrifice the animal should slaughter
it by reciting the name of Allah.
Al-Bara' reported: My maternal uncle Abu Burda
sacrificed his animal before ('Id) prayer. Thereupon
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: That is a
goat (slaughtered for the sake of) flesh (and not as a
sacrifice on the day of Adha). He said: I have a lamb of
six months. Thereupon he said: Offer it as a sacrifice,
but it will not justify for anyone except you, and then
said: He who sacrificed (the animal) before ('Id) prayer,
he in fact slaughtered it for his own self, and he who
slaughtered after prayer, his ritual of sacrifice became
complete and he in fact observed the religious practice of
the Muslims.
Al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported that his maternal'uncle Abu
Burda b. Niyar sacrificed his animal earlier than the Holy
Prophet (may peace be upon him) had sacrificed. Thereupon
he said: Apostle of Allah, it is the day of meat and it is
not desirable (to have longing for it and not to make use
of it immediately), so I hastened in offering my animal as
a sacrifice, so that I might feed my family and neighbours
and my kith and kin. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) said: Offer again your sacrifice. He
said: Messenger of Allah, I have a small milch goat of
less than one year, and that is better than two dry goats
(from which only) meat (can be acquired). Thereupon he
said: That is better than the two animals of sacrifice on
your behalf, and the sacrifice of a goat, of less than six
months shall not be accepted as a sacrifice on behalf of
anyone after your (sacrifice).
Al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) delivered an address on the day (of
Nahr) in which he said: None of you should offer sacrifice
of animals until he has completed the ('Id) prayer.
Thereupon my maternal uncle said: Messenger of Allah, it
is the day of meat, so it is not desirable (to keep my
family in the state of longing). The rest of the hadith is
the same.
Al-Bara' reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) having said: He who observes prayer like our prayer
and turns his face towards our Qibla (in prayer) and who
offers sacrifices (of animals) as we do, he must not
slaughter the (animal as a sacrifice) until he has
completed the prayer. Thereupon my maternal uncle said:
Messenger of Allah, I have sacrificed the animal on behalf
of my son. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
said: This is the thing in which you have made haste for
your family. He said: I have a goat with me better than
two goats. Thereupon he said: Sacrifice it for that is the
best.
Al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) having said: The first (act) with which we
started our day (the day of 'Id-ul Adha) was that we
offered prayer. We then returned and sacrificed the
animals and he who did that in fact adhered to our Sunnah
(practice). And he who slaughtered the (animal on that day
before the 'Id prayer), for him (the slaughtering of
animal was directed to the acquiring of) meat for his
family, and there is nothing of the sort of sacrifice in
it. It was Abu Burda b. Niyar who had slaughtered (the
animal before the 'Id prayer). He said: I have a small
lamb, of less than one year, but better than that of more
than a year. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) qaid: Sacrifice it, but it will not suffice (as
a sacrifice) for anyone after you.
al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) addressed us on the day of Nahr after
the ('Id) prayer. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) addressed us on the day of Nahr and
said: None should sacrifice the animal unless he has
completed the ('Id) prayer. A person said: I have a milch
goat of less than one year, better than two fat goats.
Thereupon he said: Sacrifice it, and no goat of less than
a year of age will be accepted as sacrifice after you.
Al-Bara' b. 'Azib reported that Abu Burda slaughtered
the animal as a sacrifice before the ('Id) prayer.
Thereupon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) said:
Offer a substitute for it (since it does not absolve you
of the responsibility of sacrifice). Thereupon he said:
Allah's Messenger. I have nothing with me but a goat of
less than six months. Shu'ba (one of the narrators) said:
I think he (al-Bara' b. 'Azib also) said: And it is better
than a goat of one year. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) said: Make it a substitute for that
(and sacrifice it), but it will not suffice for anyone (as
a sacrifice) after you.
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
Shu'ba with the same chain of transmitters, but did not
mention tht doubt (expressed in his statement) That is
(the goat of less than a year) is better than a goat of
more than one year.
Anas (b. Malik) reported Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) having said on the day of Nahr (Sacrifice):
He who slaughtered (the animal as a sacrifice) before the
('Id) prayer. should repeat it (i. e. offer another
animal). Thereupon a person stood up and said: Messenger
of Allah, that is the day when meat is much desired, and
he also made a mention of the need of his neighbour, and
perhaps Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) attested
it. He (the person who had sacrificed the animal before
the 'Id prayer) said: I have a goat of less than one year
of age with me and I like it more than two fleshy goats;
should I offer it as a sacrifice? He permitted him to do
so. He (the narrator) said: I do not know whether this
permission was granted to anyone else besides him or not.
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) then turned
towards two rams. and he slaughtered them, and the people'
came to the goats and got them distributed amongst
themselves (for offering them as sacrifice).
Anas b. Malik reported that Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) offered the 'Id prayer and then
delivered the sermon giving the command: He who
slaughtered the animal before prayer should slaughter
(another animal as a sacrifice). The rest of the hadith is
the same.
Anas b. Malik reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) addressed us on the day of 'Id al-Adha. He smelt
the odour of flesh and he prohibited thern from
slaughtering (the animals before the 'Id prayer), saying:
He who slaughtered the animals (before the 'Id prayer)
should do that again (as it is not valid as a sacrifice).
Chapter 2: OF WHAT AGE THE ANIMAL IS TO BE
SACRIFICED
Jabir reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) as saying: Sacrifice only a grown-up animal, unless
it is difficult for you, in which case sacrifice a ram (of
even less than a year, but more than six months' age).
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) led us in the 'Id prayer in Medina on
the Day of Sacrifice. Some persons slaughtered their
animals ahead of him under the impression that Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him) had-already offered
sacrifice. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) said: Those who had slaughtered their animals ahead
of him should slaughter the other ones in their stead. And
they should not sacrifice the animal before Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) had sacrificed (his
animal)
Uqba b. 'Amir reported that Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) gave the gifts of goats to be
distributed amongst his Companions. They sacrificed them,
but a lamb of one year of age was left. (Someone) made a
mention of that to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him), whereupon he said: You sacrifice it.
Amir al-Juhani reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) distributed sacrificial animals (amongst us
for sacrificing them on 'Id al-Adha). So we sacrificed
them. There fell to my lot a lamb of less than one year I
said: Allah's Messenger, there has fallen to my lot a lamb
(Jadha'a), whereupon he said: Sacrifice that.
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of 'Uqba
b. 'Amir al-Juhan with a slight change of wording.
Chapter 3: IT IS MERITORIOUS TO SACRIFICE THE
ANIMAL WITH ONE'S OWN HAND AND SO IS MERITORIOUS THE
RECITATION OF BISMILLAH (IN THE NAME OF ALLAH) AND TAKBIR
(ALLAH-O-AKBAR)
Anas reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) sacrificed with his own hands two horned rams which
were white with black markings reciting the name of Allah
and glorifying Him (saying Allah-o-Akbar). He placed his
foot on their sides (while sacrificing).
Anas reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) sacrificed two horned rams of white colour with black
markings over them. He also stated: I saw him sacrificing
them with his own hand and saw him placing his foot on
their sides, and recited the name of Allah and Glorified
Him.
Shu'ba reported: Qatada informed me that he had heard
Anas saying that Allah's Messenger (may peace be npon him)
sacrificed (the horned rams) and like that. I said: Did
you (Qatada) hear from Anas? He said. Yes.
'A'isha reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) commanded that a ram with black legs, black
belly and black (circles) round the eyes should be brought
to him, so that he should sacrifice it. He said to 'A'isha:
Give me the large knife, and then said: Sharpen it on a
stone. She did that. He then took it (the knife) and then
the ram; he placed it on the ground and then sacrificed
it, saying: Bismillah, Allah-humma Taqabbal min Muhammadin
wa Al-i-Muhammadin, wa min Ummati Muhammadin (In the name
of Allah," O Allah, accept [this sacrifice] on behalf of
Muhammad and the family of Muhammad and the Umma of
Muhammad" ).
Chapter 4: PERMISSIBILITY OF SLAUGHTERING THE
ANIMAL WITH ANYTHING WHICH MAY MAKE ITS BLOOD FLOW, EXCEPT
TOOTH, NAIL AND BONE
Rafi' b. Khadij is reported to have said: Allah's
Messenger, we are going to encounter the enemy tomorrow,
but we have no knives with us. Thereupon Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) said: Make haste or be careful (in
making arrangements for procuring knives) which would let
the blood flow (and along with it) the name of Allah is
also to be recited. Then eat, but not the tooth or nail.
And I am going to tell you why it is not permissible to
slaughter the animal with the help of tooth and bone; and
as for the nail. it is a bone, and the bone is the knife
of Abyssinians. He (the narrator) said: There fell to our
lot as spoils of war camels and goats, and one of the
camels among them became wild. A person (amongst usl
struck It with an arrow which brought it under control.
whereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said:
This camel became wild like wild animals, so if you find
any animal getting wild, you do the same with that
Rafi' b. Khadij reported: While we were with Allah's
Messenger (may peace he upon him) in Dhu'I-Hulaifa in
Tihama, we got hold of goats and camels. Some persons
(amongst us) made haste and boiled (the flesh of goats and
camels) in their earthen pots. He then commanded and these
were turned over; then he equalised ten goats for a camel.
The rest of the hadith is the same.
Rafi' b. Khadij reported from his grandfather that he
said: Allah's Messenger, we are going to encounter the
enemy tomorrow, but we do not have long knives with us,
should we then slaughter them with the peel of the reed?
The rest of the hadith is the same. (And at the end the
words are):" A camel became wild (and got out of our
control). We attacked it with arrows until we made it fall
down." This hadith has been narrated on the authority of
Sa'id b. Masruq with the same chain of transmitters with a
slight variation of words.
Rafi' b. Khadij reported that he said: Allah's
Messenger, we are going to encounter the enemy tomorrow.
and we do not have large knives with us. The rest of the
hadith is the same, but no mention is made of this:" The
people hastened and they boiled (flesh) in the earthen
pots. He (the Holy Prophet), cammanded and these were
turned over and the narrator narrated the whole event.
Chapter 5: IT WAS NOT PERMISSIBLE TO EAT THE
FLESH OF SACRIFICIAL ANIMALS BEYOND THREE DAYS AT THE
BEGINNING OF ISLAM, BUT THIS PROHIBITION WAS ABROGATED, AND
NOW IT IS PERMISSIBLE
Abu Ubaid reported: I was with 'Ali b. Abi Talib on the
occasion of the 'Id day. He started with the 'Id prayer
before delivering the sermon, and said: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) forbade us to eat the flesh of our
sacrificial animals beyond three days.
Abu 'Ubaid, the freed slave of Ibn Azhar, reported that
he said 'Id (prayer) with Umar b. al-Khattab, and then
said the 'Id (prayer) with 'Ali b. Abu Talib. He (the
narrator further) reported: He led us in prayer before
delivering the sermon and then addressed the people
saying: Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) has
forbidden you to eat the flesh of your sacrificial animals
beyond three nights, so do not eat that.
Ibn 'Umar reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) forbade that the flesh of sacrificial animals be
eaten beyond three (days) Salim (son of Ibn Umar) said:
Ibn 'Umar did not eat the flesh of the sacrificial animals
beyond three (days). Ibn Abu 'Umar said:" Beyond three
days."
Abdullah b. Waqid reported: Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) forbade (people) to cat the flesh of
sacrificed animals beyond three days. Abdullah b. Abu Bakr
said, I made a mention of that to 'Amra, whereupon she
said: He has told the truth, for I heard 'A'isha say: The
poor among the people of the desert come (to the towns) on
the occasion of Id al-Adha during the lifetime of Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him). Upon this Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) said: Retain with you
(the flesh) sufficing for three (days), and whatever is
left out of that give in charity. After this. they (the
Muslims) said: Allah's Messenger, the people make
waterskins with the (hides) of their sacrificed animals
and they melt fat out of them. Thereupon he said. What the
then? They said: You forbade (us) to eat the flesh of
sacrificial animals beyond threoq (days), whereupon he
said: I forbade you for those (poor persons) who flocked
(to the towns on this occasion for getting meat) but now
when (this situation has improved) you may eat, preserve
and give -in charity.
Jabir reported that Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) forbade eating of the flesh of sacrificed animals
beyond three (days). but afterwards said: Eat, make a
provision, and keep it.
Jabir b. Abdullah reported: We did not eat the flesh of
our sacrificial animals beyond three days in Mina. Then
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) permitted us
saying: Eat and make it a provision (for journey). I asked
'Ata' whether Jabir had also said: Till we came to Medina.
He said: Yes.
Jabir b. 'Abdullah reported: We did not eat the flesh
of sacrificed animals beyond three (days), but then
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) commanded us to
make it a provision for journey and cat it (beyond three
days).
Jabir reported: We made provision (out of the flesh of
sacrificed animals for our journey) to Medina during the
lifetime of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him).
Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) having said: O people of Medina, do not
eat the flesh of sacrificed animals beyond three days. Ibn
al-Muthanni said: Three days. They (the Companions of the
Holy Prophet) complained to the Messenger of Allah (may
peace he upon him) that they had children and servants of
theirs (to feed), whereupon he said: Eat, and feed others,
and store, and make it a provision of food.
Salama b. al-Akwa' reported Allah's Messenger (way
peace be upon him) having said: He who sacrifices (animal)
among you nothing should be left in his house (out of its
flesh) on the morning of the third day. When it was the
next year they (his Companions) said: Should we do this
year as we did daring the previous year? Thereupon he
said: Don't do that, for that was a year when the people
were hard pressed (on account of poverty). so I wanted
that the (flesh) might be distributed amongst them.
Thauban reported that Allah's Messenger (way peace be
upon him) slaughtered his sacrificial animal and then
said: Thauban, make his meat usable (for journey), and I
continuously served him that until he arrived in Medina.
Thauban, the freed slave of Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him), reported: Allah's Messenger (may peace
be upon him) said to me on the occasion of Hajjat-al-Wada'
(the Farewell Pilgrimage): Make the flesh usable. So I
made it usable (for him) and he ate it constantly until he
reached Medina. This hadith has been narrated on the
authority of Yabya b. Hamza with the same chain of
transmitters, but he did not say: On the occasion of
Hajjat-al-Wada'.
Abdullah b. Buraida reported on the authority of his
father that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) said
this: I prohibited you from visiting the graves, but (now)
you may visit them, and I prohibited you (from eating) the
flesh of sacrific- ed animals beyond three days, but now
keep it as long as you like. I prohibited you from the use
of Nabidh except (that preoared) in dry waterskins. Now
drink (Nabidh prepared in any utensil), but do not drink
when it becomes intoxicant.
Ibn Buraida, on the authority of his father, reported
Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him) having said
this: I used to forbid you. The rest of the hadith is the
same.
Chapter 6: SACRIFICING OF FARA' AND 'ATIRA ARE
IDOLATROUS PRACTICES
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) as saying: (The sacrifice of Fara' and 'Atira)
has no (sanction in Islam). Ibn Rafi' made this addition
in his narration that Fara' means the first-born young one
of a camel.
Chapter 7: IT IS NOT PERMISSIBLE FOR ONE WHO
INTENDS TO SACRIFICE THE ANIMAL TO GET ONE'S HAIR OR NAILS
CUT AFTER THE BEGINNING OF DHU'L-HIJJA
Umm Salama reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be
upon him) having said this: When any one of you intending
to sacrifice the animal enters in the month (of
Dhu'l-Hijja) he should not get his hair or nails touched
(cut). It was said to Sufyan that some of the (scholars)
did not deem this hadith to be Maffu'. He said: But I deem
it as Marfu' (i. e. chain of narration traceable right up
to the Holy Prophet).
Umm Salama reported Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) as saying: If anyone of you intends to offer
sacrifice he should not get his hair cut or nails trimmed.
Umm Salama reported (these words) directly from Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him): If anyone has in his
possession a sacrificial animal to offer as a sacrifice
(on 'Id al-Adha), he should not get his hair cut and nails
trimmed after he has entered the first days of Dhu'l Hijja
Umm Salama, the wife of Allah's Apostle (may peace be
upon him), reported Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
him) to have said: He who has a sacrificial animal with
him whom (he intends) to offer as sacrifice, and he enters
the month of Dhu'I-Hijja, he should not get his hair cut
or nails trimmed until he has sacrificed the animal.
'Amr b. Muslim b. 'Ammar al-Laithi reported: While we
were in a bathroom just before 'Id al-Adha some of the
persons tried to remove the hair with the help of
hair-removing chemicals. Thereupon some of the people
owning the bath (or some of the people sitting therein)
said that Sa'id b. Musayyib did not approve of it, or he
prohibited it. Then I met Sa'id b. Musayyib and made a
mention of that to him, whereupon he said: O my nephew,
this is the hadith which has been forgotten, and
abandoned. Umm Salama, the wife of Allah's Apostle (may
peace be upon him), narrated to me Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) having said as narrated above.
Amr b. Muslim al-Jundani reported that Ibn Musayyib had
told him that it was Umm Salama, the wife of Allah's
Apostle (may peace be upon him), who had informed him of
that as narrated above.
Chapter 8: IT IS FORBIDDEN TO SACRIFICE THE
ANIMAL FOR ANYONE BESIDES ALLAH, THE EXALTED, AND CURSE UPON
ONE WHO DOES IT
Abu Tufail 'Amir b. Withila reported: I was in the
company of 'Ali b. Abi Talib, when a person came to him,
and said: What was it that Allah's Apostle (may peace be
upon him) told you in secret? Thereupon he (liadrat 'All)
was enraged and said: Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon
him) did not tell me anything in secret that he hid from
people, except that he told me four things. He said: Com-
mader of Faithful, what are these? He said: Allah cursed
him who cursed his father; Allah cursed him who sacrificed
for anyone besides Allah; and Allah cursed him who
accommodates an innovator (in religion) ; and Allah cursed
him who changed the minarets (the boundary lines) of the
land.
Abu Tufail reported: We said to 'Ali b. Abi Talib:
Inform us about something which Allah's Messenger (may
peace be upon him) told you in secret, whereupon he said:
He told me nothing in secret which he bid from people, but
I heard him say: Allah cursed him who sacrificed for
anyone besides Allah; and cursed him who accommodated an
innovator; and Allah cursed him who cursed his parents and
Allah cursed him who changed the boundary lines (of the
land possessed by him).
Abu Tufail reported: 'Ali was asked whether Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) had showed special
favour (by disclosing to him) a thing (which he kept
secret from others). Thereupon he said: Allah's Messenger
(may peace be upon him) singled us not for (disclosing to
us) anything (secret) which he did not make public, (but
those few things) which lie in the sheath of my sword. He
drew out the written document contained in it and on that
(it was mentioned): Allah cursed him who sacrificed for
anyone else besides Allah; and Allah cursed him who stole
the signposts (demarcating the boundary lines of the)
land; and Allah cursed him who cursed his father; and
Allah cursed him who accommodated an innovator (in
religion).