AbutTayyah reported on the authority of a shaykh (an
old man): When Abdullah ibn Abbas came to Basrah, people
narrated to him traditions from AbuMusa. Therefore Ibn
Abbas wrote to him asking him about certain things. In
reply AbuMusa wrote to him saying: One day I was in the
company of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him). He
wanted to urinate. Then he came to a soft ground at the
foot of a wall and urinated. He (the Prophet) then said:
If any of you wants to urinate, he should look for a place
(like this) for his urination.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: These
privies are frequented by the jinns and devils. So when
anyone amongst you goes there, he should say: "I seek
refuge in Allah from male and female devils."
It was said to Salman: Your Prophet teaches you
everything, even about excrement. He replied: Yes. He has
forbidden us to face the qiblah at the time of easing or
urinating, and cleansing with right hand, and cleansing
with less than three stones, or cleansing with dung or
bone.
Marwan al-Asfar said: I saw Ibn Umar make his camel
kneel down facing the qiblah, then he sat down urinating
in its direction. So I said: AbuAbdurRahman, has this not
been forbidden? He replied: Why not, that was forbidden
only in open country; but when there is something between
you and the qiblah that conceals you , then there is no
harm.
The Prophet of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) forbade us to
face the qiblah at the time of making water. Then I saw
him facing it (qiblah) urinating or easing himself one
year before his death.
I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say:
When two persons go together for relieving themselves
uncovering their private parts and talking together,
Allah, the Great and Majestic, becomes wrathful at this
(action).
Muhajir came to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) while
he was urinating. He saluted him. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
did not return the salutation to him until he performed
ablution. He then apologised to him, saying: I disliked
remembering Allah except in the state of purification.
AbdurRahman ibn Hasanah reported: I and Amr ibn al-'As
went to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him). He came out with
a leather shield (in his hand). He covered himself with it
and urinated. Then we said: Look at him. He is urinating
as a woman does. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him), heard
this and said: Do you not know what befell a person from
amongst Banu Isra'il (the children of Israel)? When urine
fell on them, they would cut off the place where the urine
fell; but he (that person) forbade them (to do so), and
was punished in his grave.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: Be on
your guard against three things which provoke cursing:
easing in the watering places and on the thoroughfares,
and in the shade (of the tree).
Humayd al-Himyari said: I met a man (Companion of the
Prophet) who remained in the company of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
just as AbuHurayrah remained in his company. He then
added: The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) forbade
that anyone amongst us should comb (his hair) every day or
urinate in the place where he takes a bath.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) used his right hand for
getting water for ablution and taking food, and his left
hand for his evacuation and for anything repugnant.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: If anyone applies
collyrium, he should do it an odd number of times. If he
does so, he has done well; but if not, there is no harm.
If anyone cleanses himself with pebbles, he should use an
odd number. If he does so, he has done well; but if not,
there is no harm.
If anyone eats, he should throw away what he removes
with a toothpick and swallow what sticks to his tongue. If
he does so, he has done well; if not, there is no harm. If
anyone goes to relieve himself, he should conceal himself,
and if all he can do is to collect a heap of send, he
should sit with his back to it, for the devil makes sport
with the posteriors of the children of Adam. If he does
so, he has done well; but if not, there is no harm.
Shayban al-Qatbani reported that Maslamah ibn Mukhallad
made Ruwayfi' ibn Thabit the governor of the lower parts
(of Egypt). He added: We travelled with him from Kum
Sharik to Alqamah or from Alqamah to Kum Sharik (the
narrator doubts) for Alqam.
Ruwayfi' said: Any one of us would borrow a camel
during the lifetime of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
from the other, on condition that he would give him half
the booty, and the other half he would retain himself.
Further, one of us received an arrowhead and a feather,
and the other an arrow-shaft as a share from the booty.
He then reported: The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
said: You may live for a long time after I am gone,
Ruwayfi', so, tell people that if anyone ties his beard or
wears round his neck a string to ward off the evil eye, or
cleanses himself with animal dung or bone, Muhammad has
nothing to do with him.
A deputation of the jinn came to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
and said: O Muhammad, forbid your community to cleans
themselves with a bone or dung or charcoal, for in them
Allah has provided sustenance for us. So the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
forbade them to do so.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: When any
of you goes to relieve himself, he should take with him
three stones to cleans himself, for they will be enough
for him.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) was asked about
cleansing (after relieving oneself). He said: (One should
cleanse oneself) with three stones which should be free
from dung.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) urinated and Umar was
standing behind him with a jug of water. He said: What is
this, Umar? He replied: Water for you to perform ablution
with. He said: I have not been commanded to perform
ablution every time I urinate. If I were to do so, it
would become a sunnah.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The following
verse was revealed in connection with the people of Quba':
"In it are men who love to be purified" (ix.108). He (AbuHurayrah)
said: They used to cleanse themselves with water after
easing. So the verse was revealed in connection with them.
I heard the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say:
Were it not hard on my ummah, I would order them to use
the tooth-stick at the time of every prayer. AbuSalamah
said: Zayd ibn Khalid used to attend the prayers in the
mosque with his tooth-stick on his ear where a clerk
carries a pen, and whenever he got up for prayer he used
it.
Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Habban asked Abdullah ibn
Abdullah ibn Umar about the reason for Ibn Umar's
performing ablution for every prayer, whether he was with
or without ablution.
He replied: Asma', daughter of Zayd ibn al-Khattab,
reported to me that Abdullah ibn Hanzalah ibn AbuAmir
narrated to her that the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
was earlier commanded to perform ablution for every prayer
whether or not he was with ablution.
When it became a burden for him, he was ordered to use
tooth-stick for every prayer. As Ibn Umar thought that he
had the strength (to perform the ablution for every
prayer), he did not give up performing ablution for every
prayer.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) was using the
tooth-stick, when two men, one older than the other, were
with him. A revelation came to him about the merit of
using the tooth-stick. He was asked to show proper respect
and give it to the elder of the two.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: Ten are
the acts according to fitrah (nature): clipping the
moustache, letting the beard grow, using the tooth-stick,
cutting the nails, washing the finger joints, plucking the
hair under the arm-pits, shaving the pubes, and cleansing
one's private parts (after easing or urinating) with
water. The narrator said: I have forgotten the tenth, but
it may have been rinsing the mouth.
Ablution water and tooth-stick were placed by the side
of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him). When he got up during
the night (for prayer), he relieved himself, then he used
the tooth-stick.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: Allah does not
accept charity from goods acquired by embezzlement as He
does not accept prayer without purification.
AbuGhutayf al-Hudhali reported: I was in the company of
Ibn Umar. When the call was made for the noon (zuhr)
prayer, he performed ablution and said the prayer. When
the call for the afternoon ('asr) prayer was made, he
again performed ablution. Thus I asked him (about the
reason of performing ablution). He replied: The Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: For a man who performs
ablution in a state of purity, ten virtuous deeds will be
recorded (in his favour).
AbuDawud said: This is the tradition narrated by
Musaddad, and it is more perfect.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him), was asked about water
(in desert country) and what is frequented by animals and
wild beasts. He replied: When there is enough water to
fill two pitchers, it bears no impurity.
The people asked the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him):
Can we perform ablution out of the well of Buda'ah, which
is a well into which menstrual clothes, dead dogs and
stinking things were thrown? He replied: Water is pure and
is not defiled by anything.
I heard that the people asked the Prophet of Allah (peace_be_upon_him):
Water is brought for you from the well of Buda'ah. It is a
well in which dead dogs, menstrual clothes and excrement
of people are thrown. The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
replied: Verily water is pure and is not defiled by
anything.
One of the wives of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
took a bath from a large bowl. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
wanted to perform ablution or take from the water left
over. She said to him: O Prophet of Allah, verily I was
sexually defiled. The Prophet said: Water not defiled.
Kabshah, daughter of Ka'b ibn Malik and wife of Ibn
AbuQatadah, reported: AbuQatadah visited (me) and I poured
out water for him for ablution. A cat came and drank some
of it and he tilted the vessel for it until it drank some
of it. Kabshah said: He saw me looking at him; he asked
me: Are you surprised, my niece? I said: Yes. He then
reported the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) as
saying: It is not unclean; it is one of those (males or
females) who go round among you.
Dawud ibn Salih ibn Dinar at-Tammar quoted his mother
as saying that her mistress sent her with some pudding (harisah)
to Aisha who was offering prayer. She made a sign to me to
place it down. A cat came and ate some of it, but when
Aisha finished her prayer, she ate from the place where
the cat had eaten. She stated: The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
said: It is not unclean: it is one of those who go round
among you. She added: I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
performing ablution from the water left over by the cat.
Humayd al-Himyari reported: I met a person (among the
Companion of Prophet) who remained in the company of the
Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)for four years as AbuHurayrah
remained in his company. He reported: The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) forbade that the female should wash
with the water left over by the male, and that the male
should wash with the left-over of the female.
The version of Musaddad adds: "That they both take the
handful of water together."
A man asked the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him):
Messenger of Allah, we travel on the sea and take a small
quantity of water with us. If we use this for ablution, we
would suffer from thirst. Can we perform ablution with sea
water? The Messenger (peace_be_upon_him) replied: Its
water is pure and what dies in it is lawful food.
AbuZayd quoted Abdullah ibn Mas'ud as saying that on
the night when the jinn listened to the Qur'an the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) said: What is in your skin vessel? He
said: I have some nabidh. He (the Holy Prophet) said: It
consists of fresh dates and pure water.
Sulayman ibn Dawud reported the same version of this
tradition on the authority of AbuZayd or Zayd. But Sharik
said that Hammad did not mention the words "night of the
jinn".
Urwah reported on the authority of his father that
Abdullah ibn al-Arqam travelled for performing hajj
(pilgrimage) or umrah. He was accompanied by the people
whom he led in prayer. One day when he was leading them in
the dawn (fajr) prayer, he said to them: One of you should
come forward. He then went away to relieve himself. He
said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
say: When any of you feels the need of relieving himself
while the congregational prayer is ready, he should go to
relieve himself.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: Three
things one is not allowed to do: supplicating Allah
specifically for himself and ignoring others while leading
people in prayer; if he did so, he deceived them; looking
inside a house before taking permission: if he did so, it
is as if he entered the house, saying prayer while one is
feeling the call of nature until one eases oneself.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: It is not
permissible for a man who believes in Allah and in the
Last Day that he should say the prayer while he is feeling
the call of nature until he becomes light (by relieving
himself).
Habib al-Ansari reported: I heard Abbad ibn Tamim who
reported on the authority of my grandmother, Umm Umarah,
saying: The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) wanted to perform
ablution. A vessel containing 2/3 mudd of water was
brought to him.
Abdullah heard his son praying to Allah: O Allah, I ask
Thee a white palace on the right of Paradise when I enter
it. He said: O my son, ask Allah for Paradise and seek
refuge in Him from Hell-Fire, for I heard the Messenger of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say: In this community there
will be some people who will exceed the limits in
purification as well as in supplication.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: The
prayer of a person who does not perform ablution is not
valid, and the ablution of a person who does not mention
the name of Allah (in the beginning) is not valid.
Abdu Khayr said: Ali came upon us and he had already
offered prayer. He called for water. We asked: What will
you do with water when you have already offered prayer? -
Perhaps to teach us. A utensil containing water and a
wash-basin were brought (to him).
He poured water from the utensil on his right hand and
washed both his hands three times, rinsed the mouth,
snuffed up water and cleansed the nose three times. He
then rinsed the mouth and snuffed up water with the same
hand by which he took water. He then washed his face three
times, and washed his right hand three times and washed
his left hand three times. He then put his hand in water
and wiped his head once.
He then washed his right foot thrice and left foot
thrice, then said: If one is pleased to know the method of
performing ablution of the Apostle of Allah, this is how
he did it.
The ablution water was brought to the Messenger
(peace_be_upon_him) and he performed ablution; he washed
his hands up to wrists three times, then washed his
forearms three times. He then rinsed his mouth and snuffed
up water three times; then he wiped his head and ears
inside and outside.
AbulAzhar al-Mughirah ibn Farwah and Yazid ibn AbuMalik
reported: Mu'awiyah performed ablution before the people,
as he saw the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
performed ablution. When he reached the stage of wiping
his head, he took a handful of water and poured it with
his left hand over the middle of his head so much so that
drops of water came down or almost came down. Then he
wiped (his head) from its front to its back and from its
back to its front.
Narrated Ar-Rubayyi' daughter of Mu'awwidh ibn Afra':
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) used to come
to us. He once said: Pour ablution water on me. She then
described how the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) performed
ablution saying: He washed his hands up to wrist three
times and washed his face three times, and rinsed his
mouth and snuffed up water once. Then he washed his
forearms three times and wiped his head twice beginning
from the back of his head, then wiped its front. He wiped
his ears outside and inside. Then he washed his feet three
times.
Sa'id ibn Jubayr reported: Ibn Abbas saw the Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) performed ablution. He narrated
the tradition which says that he (the Prophet) performed
each detail of ablution three times. He wiped his head and
ears once.
AbuUmamah mentioned how the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) performed ablution, saying that he
used to wipe the corners of his eyes, and he said that the
ears are treated as part of the head.
A man came to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) and asked
him: Messenger of Allah, how is the ablution (to
performed)?
He (the Prophet) then called for water in a vessel and
washed his hands up to the wrists three times, then washed
his face three times, and washed his forearms three times.
He then wiped his head and inserted both his index fingers
in his ear-holes; he wiped the back of his ears with his
thumbs and the front of his ears with the index fingers.
He then washed his feet three times.
Then he said: This is how ablution should be performed.
If anyone does more or less than this, he has done wrong
and transgressed, or (said) transgressed and done wrong.
I entered upon the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) while he
was performing ablution, and the water was running down
his face and beard to his chest. I saw him rinsing his
mouth and snuffing up water separately.
I was the leader of the delegation of Banu al-Muntafiq
or (the narrator doubted) I was among the delegation of
Banu al-Muntafiq that came to the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him). When we reached the Prophet, we did
not find him in his house. We found there Aisha, the
Mother of the Believers. She ordered that a dish called
Khazirah should be prepared for us. It was then prepared.
A tray containing dates was then presented to us. (The
narrator Qutaybah did not mention the word qina', tray).
Then the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) came.
He asked: Has anything been served to you or ordered for
you? We replied: Yes, Messenger of Allah. While we were
sitting in the company of the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) we suddenly saw that a shepherd was
driving a herd of sheep to their fold. He had with him a
newly-born lamb that was crying.
He (the Prophet) asked him: What did it bear, O so and
so? He replied: A ewe. He then said: Slaughter for us in
its place a sheep. Do not think that we are slaughtering
it for you. We have one hundred sheep and we do not want
their number to increase. Whenever a ewe is born, we
slaughter a sheep in its place.
(The narrator says that the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
used the word la tahsabanna, do not think).
I (the narrator Laqit) then said: Messenger of Allah, I
have a wife who has something (wrong) in her tongue, i.e.
she is insolent. He said: Then divorce her. I said:
Messenger of Allah, she had company with me and I have
children from her. He said: Then ask her (to obey you). If
there is something good in her, she will do so (obey); and
do not beat your wife as you beat your slave-girl.
I said: Messenger of Allah, tell me about ablution. He
said: Perform ablution in full and make the fingers go
through the beard and snuff with water well except when
you are fasting.
Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
performed ablution, he took a handful of water, and,
putting it under his chin, made it go through his beard,
saying: Thus did my Lord command me.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) sent out an
expedition. They were affected by cold. When they returned
to the Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him), he
commanded them to wipe over turbans and stockings.
I saw the Messenger (peace_be_upon_him) perform
ablution. He had a Qutri turban. He inserted his hand
beneath the turban and wiped over the forelock, and did
not untie the turban.
Negus presented to the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) two black and simple socks. He put
them on; then he performed ablution and wiped over them.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: The time limit
for wiping over the socks for a traveller is three days
(and three nights) and for a resident it is one day and
one night.
I asked: Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) may I
wipe over the socks? He replied: Yes. He asked: For one
day? He replied: For one day. He again asked: And for two
days? He replied: For two days too. He again asked: And
for three days? He replied: Yes, as long as you wish.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) performed
ablution and wiped over his shoes and feet.
Abbad (a sub-narrator) said: The Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) came to the well of a people. Musaddad
did not mention the words Midat (a place where ablution is
performed), and Kazamah (well). Then both agreed on the
wording:"He performed ablution and wiped over his shoes
and feet."
If the religion were based on opinion, it would be more
important to wipe the under part of the shoe than the
upper but I have seen the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) wiping over the upper part of his
shoes.
I poured water while the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
performed ablution in the battle of Tabuk. He wiped over
the upper part of the socks and their lower part.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) saw a person offering
prayer, and on the back of his foot a small part equal to
the space of a dirham remained unwashed; the water did not
reach it. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) commanded him to
repeat the ablution and prayer.
Abdullah ibn AbuBakr reported that he heard Urwah say:
I entered upon Marwan ibn al-Hakam. We mentioned things
that render the ablution void. Marwan said: Does it become
void by touching the penis? Urwah replied: This I do not
know. Marwan said: Busrah daughter of Safwan reported to
me that she heard the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) say: He who touches his penis should
perform ablution.
We came upon the Prophet of Allah (peace_be_upon_him).
A man came to him: he seemed to be a bedouin. He said:
Prophet of Allah, what do you think about a man who
touches his penis after performing ablution? He
(peace_be_upon_him) replied: That is only a part of his
body.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) was asked
about performing ablution after eating the flesh of the
camel. He replied: Perform ablution, after eating it. He
was asked about performing ablution after eating meat. He
replied: Do not perform ablution after eating it. He was
asked about saying prayer in places where the camels lie
down. He replied: Do not offer prayer in places where the
camels lie down. These are the places of Satan. He was
asked about saying prayer in the sheepfolds. He replied:
You may offer prayer in such places; these are the places
of blessing.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) passed by a boy who was
skinning a goat. The Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) said: Give it up until I show you. He
(the Prophet) inserted his hand between the skin and the
flesh until it reached the armpit. He then went away and
led the people in prayer and he did not perform ablution.
The version of Amr added that he did not touch water.
One night I became the guest of the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him). He ordered that a piece of mutton be
roasted, and it was roasted. He then took a knife and
began to cut the meat with it for me. In the meantime
Bilal came and called him for prayer. He threw the knife
and said: What happened! may his hands be smeared with
earth! He then stood for offering prayer. Al-Anbari added:
My moustaches became lengthy. He trimmed them by placing a
took-stick; or he said: I shall trim your moustaches by
placing the tooth-stick there.
The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) took a
shoulder (of goat's meat) and after wiping his hand with a
cloth on which he was sitting, he got up and prayed.
One of the Companions of the Prophet (may peace be
upon), came upon us in Egypt. When he was narrating
traditions in the Mosque of Egypt, I heard him say: I was
the seventh or the sixth person in the company of the
Messenger of Allah ( peace be upon him) in the house of a
person.
In the meantime Bilal came and called him for prayer.
He came out and passed by a person who had his fire-pan on
the fire. The Messenger of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said
to him: Has the food in the fire-pan been cooked? He
replied: Yes, my parents be sacrificed upon you. He then
took a piece out of it and continued to chew it until he
uttered the first takbir (AllahuAkbar) of the prayer. All
this time I was looking at him.
AbuSufyan ibn Sa'id ibn al-Mughirah reported that he
entered upon Umm Habibah who presented him a glass of
sawiq (a drink prepared with flour and water) to drink. He
called for water and rinsed his mouth. She said: O my
cousin, don't you perform ablution? The Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) said: Perform ablution after eating
anything cooked with fire, or he said: anything touched by
fire.
We proceeded in the company of the Messenger of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) for the battle of Dhat ar-Riqa. One of
the Muslims killed the wife of one of the unbelievers. He
(the husband of the woman killed) took an oath saying: I
shall not rest until I kill one of the companions of
Muhammad.
He went out following the footsteps of the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him). The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
encamped at a certain place. He said: Who will keep a
watch on us? A person from the Muhajirun (Emigrants) and
another from the Ansar (Helpers) responded. He said: Go to
the mouth of the mountain-pass. When they went to the
mouth of the mountain-pass the man from the Muhajirun lay
down while the man from the Ansar stood praying.
The man (enemy) came to them. When he saw the person he
realised that he was the watchman of the Muslims. He shot
him with an arrow and hit the target. But he (took the
arrow out and) threw it away. He (the enemy) then shot
three arrows. Then he (the Muslim) bowed and prostrated
and awoke his companion. When he (the enemy) perceived
that they (the Muslims) had become aware of his presence,
he ran away.
When the man from the Muhajirun saw the (man from the
Ansar) bleeding, he asked him: Glory be to Allah! Why did
you not wake me up the first time when he shot at you.
He replied: I was busy reciting a chapter of the
Qur'an. I did not like to leave it.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) used to
prostrate and sleep (in prostration) and produce puffing
sounds (during sleep). Then he would stand and pray and
would not perform ablution. I said to him: you prayed but
did not perform ablution though you slept (in
prostration). He replied: Ablution is necessary for one
who sleeps while he is lying down. Uthman and Hannad
added: For when he lies down, his joints are relaxed.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: When any
of you breaks wind during the prayer, he should turn away
and perform ablution and repeat the prayer.
Ali ibn AbuTalib commanded him to ask the Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) what a man should do when he
wants to have intercourse with his wife and the prostatic
fluid comes out (at this moment). (He said): I am ashamed
of consulting him because of the position of his daughter.
Al-Miqdad said: I asked the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) about it. He said: When any of you
finds, he should wash his private part, and perform
ablution as he does for prayer.
I felt greatly distressed by the frequent flowing of
prostatic fluid. For this reason I used to take a bath
very often. I asked the apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) about this. He replied: Ablution will
be sufficient for you because of this. I asked: Apostle of
Allah, what should I do if it smears my clothes. He
replied: It is sufficient if you take a handful of water
and sprinkle it on your clothe when you find it has
smeared it.
I asked the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) as to
what makes it necessary to take a bath and about the
(prostatic) fluid that flows after taking a bath. He
replied: that is called madhi (prostatic fluid). It flows
from every male. You should wash your private parts and
testicles because of it and perform ablution as you do for
prayer.
Abdullah asked the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him): What is lawful for me to do with my
wife when she is menstruating? He replied: What is above
the waist-wrapper is lawful for you.
The narrator also mentioned (the lawfulness of) eating
with a woman in menstruation, and he transmitted the
tradition in full.
I asked the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him): What
is lawful for a man to do with his wife when she is
menstruating? He replied: What is above the waist-wrapper,
but it is better to abstain from it, too.
One day the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) had intercourse
with all his wives. He took a bath after each intercourse.
I asked him: Apostle of Allah, why don't you make it a
single bath? He replied: This is more purifying, better
and cleaning.
Ghudayf ibn al-Harith reported: I asked Aisha: Have you
seen the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) washing
(because of defilement) at the beginning of the night or
at the end?
She replied: Sometimes he would take a bath at the
beginning of the night and sometimes at the end.
Thereupon I exclaimed: Allah is most Great. All Praise
be to Allah Who made this matter accommodative.
I again asked her: What do you think, did the Apostle
of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say the witr prayer
(additional prayer after obligatory prayer at night) in
the beginning of the night or at the end?
She replied: Sometimes he would say the witr prayer at
the beginning of the night and sometimes at the end.
I exclaimed: Allah is most Great. All praise be to
Allah Who made the matter accommodative.
Again I asked her: What do you think, did the Apostle
of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) recite the Qur'an (in the
prayer) loudly or softly?
She replied: Sometimes he would recite loudly and
sometimes softly.
I exclaimed: Allah is most Great. All praise be to
Allah Who made the matter flexible.
Abdullah ibn Salamah said: I, accompanied by other two
persons, one from us and the other from Banu Asad, called
upon Ali. He sent them to a certain territory (on some
mission) saying: You are sturdy and vigorous people; hence
display your power for religion. He then stood and entered
the toilet. He then came out and called for water and took
a handful of it. Then he wiped (his hands) with it and
began to recite the Qur'an. They were surprised at this
(action).
Thereupon he said: The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) came out from the privy and taught us
the Qur'an and took meat with us. Nothing prevented him;
or the narrator said: Nothing prevented him from
(reciting) the Qur'an except sexual defilement.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) came and saw
that the doors of the houses of his Companions were facing
the mosque. He said: Turn the direction of the houses from
the mosque. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) then entered
(the houses or the mosque), and the people did take any
step in this regard hoping that some concession might be
revealed. He the Prophet) again came upon them and said:
Turn the direction of these (doors) from the mosque I do
not make the mosque lawful for a menstruating woman and
for a person who is sexually defiled.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) began to lead
(the people) in the dawn prayer. He then signalled with
his hand: (Stay) at your places. (Then he entered his
home). He then returned while drops of water were coming
down from him (from his body) and he led them in prayer.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) was asked about a
person who found moisture (on his body or clothes) but did
not remember the sexual dream. He replied: He should take
a bath. He was asked about a person who remembered that he
had a sexual dream but did not find moisture. He replied:
Bath is not necessary for him. Umm Salamah then asked: Is
washing necessary for a woman if she sees that (in her
dream)? He replied: Yes. Woman are counterpart of men.
Jumay' ibn Umayr, one of the sons of Banu Taym Allah
ibn Tha'labah, said: Accompanied by my mother and aunt I
entered upon Aisha. One of them asked her: How did you do
while taking a bath? Aisha replied: The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) performed ablution (in the beginning)
as he did for prayer. He then poured (water) upon his head
three times. But we poured water upon our heads five times
due to plaits.
If you want, I can certainly show you the marks of the
hand of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) on the
wall where he took a bath because of sexual defilement.
There were fifty prayers (obligatory in the beginning);
and (in the beginning of Islam) washing seven times
because of sexual defilement (was obligatory); and washing
the urine from the cloth seven times (was obligatory).
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) kept on
praying to Allah until the number of prayers was reduced
to five and washing because of sexual defilement was
allowed only once and washing the urine from the clothe
was also permitted only once.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: If
anyone who is sexual defiled leaves a spot equal to the
breadth of a hair without washing, such and such an amount
of Hell-fire will have to be suffered for it. Ali said: On
that account I treated my head (hair) as an enemy, meaning
I cut my hair. He used to cut the hair (of his head). May
Allah be pleased with him.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) took a bath
and offered two rak'ahs of prayer and said the dawn
prayer. I do not think he performed ablution afresh after
taking a bath.
Shurayh ibn Ubayd said: Jubayr ibn Nufayr gave me a
verdict about the bath because of sexual defilement that
Thawban reported to them that they asked the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) about it. He (the Prophet) replied: As
regards man, he should undo the hair of his head and wash
it until the water should reach the roots of the hair. But
there is no harm if the woman does not undo it (her hair)
and pour three handfuls of water over her head.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said about a person who
had intercourse with his wife while she was menstruating:
He must give one dinar or half a dinar in alms.
Khallas al-Hujari reported: Aisha said: I and the
Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) used to pass night in
one (piece of) cloth (on me) while I menstruated
profusely. If anything from me (i.e. blood) smeared him
(i.e. his body), he would wash that spot and would not
exceed it (in washing), then he would offer prayer with
it.
Umarah ibn Ghurab said that his paternal aunt narrated
to him that she asked Aisha: What if one of us menstruates
and she and her husband have no bed except one? She
replied: I relate to you what the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) had done.
One night he entered (upon me) while I was
menstruating. He went to the place of his prayer, that is,
to the place of prayer reserved (for this purpose) in his
house. He did not return until I felt asleep heavily, and
he felt pain from cold. And he said: Come near me. I said:
I am menstruating. He said: Uncover your thighs. I,
therefore, uncovered both of my thighs. Then he put his
cheek and chest on my thighs and I lent upon he until he
became warm and slept.
When I menstruated, I left the bed and lay on the
reed-mat and did not approach or come near the Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) until we were purified.
Ikrimah reported on the authority of one of the wives
of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) saying: When the
Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) wanted to do something (i.e.
kissing, embracing) with (his) menstruating wife, he would
put a garment on her private part.
In the time of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
there was a woman who had an issue of blood. So Umm
Salamah asked the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) to
give a decision about her. He said: She should consider
the number of nights and days during which she used to
menstruate each month before she was afflicted with this
trouble and abandon prayer during that period each month.
When those days and nights are over, she should take a
bath, tie a cloth over her private parts and pray.
Urwah ibn az-Zubayr said that Fatimah daughter of
AbuHubaysh narrated to him that she asked the Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) and complained to him about the
flowing of (her) blood. The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) said to her: That is only (due to) a
vein: look, when your menstruation comes, do not pray; and
when your menstruation ends, wash yourself and then offer
prayer during the period from one menstruation to another.
Bahiyyah said: I heard a woman asking Aisha about the
woman whose menses became abnormal and she had an issue of
blood. The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) asked me
to advise her that she should consider the period during
which she used to menstruate every month, when her
menstruation was normal. Then she should count the days
equal to the length of time (of her normal menses); then
she should abandon prayer during those days or equal to
that period. She should then take a bath, tie a cloth on
her private parts a pray.
Urwah ibn az-Zubayr reported from Fatimah daughter of
AbuHubaysh that her blood kept flowing, so the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) said to her: When the blood of the
menses comes, it is black blood which can be recognised;
so when that comes, refrain from prayer; but when a
different type of blood comes, perform ablution and pray,
for it is (due only to) a vein.
Hamnah said my menstruation was great in quantity and
severe. So I came to the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) for a decision and told him. I found
him in the house of my sister, Zaynab, daughter of Jahsh.
I said: Apostle of Allah, I am a woman who menstruates
in great quantity and it is severe, so what do you think
about it? It has prevented me from praying and fasting.
He said: I suggest that you should use cotton, for it
absorbs the blood. She replied: It is too copious for
that. He said: Then take a cloth. She replied: It is too
copious for that, for my blood keeps flowing. The Apostle
of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: I shall give you two
commands; whichever of them you follow, that will be
sufficient for you without the other, but you know best
whether you are strong enough to follow both of them.
He added: This is a stroke of the Devil, so observe
your menses for six or seven days, Allah alone knows which
it should be; then wash. And when you see that you are
purified and quite clean, pray during twenty-three or
twenty-four days and nights and fast, for that will be
enough for you, and do so every month, just as women
menstruate and are purified at the time of their
menstruation and their purification.
But if you are strong enough to delay the noon (Zuhr)
prayer and advance the afternoon ('Asr) prayer, to wash,
and then combine the noon and the afternoon prayer; to
delay the sunset prayer and advance the night prayer, to
wash, and then combine the two prayers, do so: and to wash
at dawn, do so: and fast if you are able to do so if
possible;
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: Of the
two commands this is more to my liking.
AbuSalamah said: Zaynab daughter of AbuSalamah reported
to me that a woman had a copious flow of blood. She was
the wife of AbdurRahman ibn Awf. The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) commanded her to take a bath at the
time of every prayer, and then to pray. He reported to me
that Umm Bakr told him that Aisha said: The Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said about a woman who was
doubtful of her menstruation after purification that it
was a vein or veins.
A woman had a prolonged flow of blood in the time of
the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him). She was
commanded to advance the afternoon prayer and delay the
noon prayer, and to take a bath for them only once; and to
delay the sunset prayer and advance the night prayer and
to take a bath only once for them; and to take a bath
separately for the dawn prayer.
I (Shu'bah) asked AbdurRahman: (Is it) from the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him)? I do not report to you anything
except from the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him).
Sahlah daughter of Suhayl had a prolonged flow of
blood. She came to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him). He
commanded her to take a bath for every prayer. When it
became hard for her, he commanded her to combine the noon
and afternoon prayers with one bath and the sunset and
night prayer with one bath, and to take a bath
(separately) for the dawn prayer.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said about the woman
having a prolonged flow of blood: She should abandon
prayer during her menstrual period: then she should take a
bath and pray. She should perform ablution for every
prayer.
Fatimah daughter of AbuHubaysh came to the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) and narrated what happened with her.
He said: Then take a bath and then perform ablution for
every prayer and pray.
The woman who has a prolonged flow of blood should wash
herself every day when her menstrual period is over and
take a woollen cloth greased with fat or oil (to tie over
the private parts).
Ikrimah said: Umm Habibah daughter of Jahsh had a
prolonged flow of blood. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him)
commanded her to refrain (from prayer) during her
menstrual period; then she should wash and pray, if she
sees anything (which renders ablution void) she should
perform ablution and pray.
The woman having bleeding after delivery (puerperal
haemorrhage) would refrain (from prayer) for forty days or
forty nights; and we would anoint our faces with an
aromatic herb called wars to remove dark spots.
Umayyah, daughter of AbusSalt, quoted a certain woman
of Banu Ghifar, whose name was mentioned to me, as saying:
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) made me ride
behind him on the rear of the camel saddle. By Allah, the
Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) got down in the
morning. He made his camel kneel down and I came down from
the back of his saddle. There was a mark of blood on it
(saddle) and that was the first menstruation that I had. I
stuck to the camel and felt ashamed.
When the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) saw what
had happened to me and saw the blood, he said: Perhaps you
are menstruating.
I said: Yes. He then said: Set yourself right (i.e. tie
some cloth to prevent bleeding), then take a vessel of
water and put some salt in it, and then wash the blood
from the back of the saddle, and then return to your
mount. When the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
conquered Khaybar, he gave us a portion of the booty.
Whenever the woman became purified from her menses, she
would put salt in water. And when she died, she left a
will to put salt in the water for washing her (after
death).
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) sent Usayd ibn
Hudayr and some people with him to search the necklace
lost by Aisha. The time of prayer came and they prayed
without ablution. When they returned to the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him) and related the fact to him, the verse
concerning tayammum was revealed.
Ibn Nufayl added: Usayd said to her: May Allah have
mercy upon you! Never has there been an occasion when you
were beset with an unpleasant matter but Allah made the
Muslims and you come out of that.
They (the Companions of the Prophet) wiped with pure
earth (their hands and face) to offer the dawn prayer in
the company of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him).
They struck the ground with their palms and wiped their
faces once. Then they repeated and struck the ground with
their palms once again and wiped their arms completely up
to the shoulders and up to the armpits with the inner side
of their hands.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) encamped at
Ulat al-Jaysh and Aisha was in his company. Her necklace
of onyx of Zifar was broken (and fell somewhere). The
people were detained to make a search for that necklace
until the dawn broke. There was no water with the people.
Therefore AbuBakr became angry with her and said: You
detained the people and they have no water with them.
Thereupon Allah, the Exalted, sent down revelation
about it to His Apostle (peace_be_upon_him) granting
concession to purify themselves with pure earth. Then the
Muslims stood up with the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) and struck the ground with their hands
and then they raised their hands, and did not take any
earth (in their hands). Then they wiped with them their
faces and hands up to the shoulders, and from their palms
up to the armpits.
I had a sexual dream on a cold night in the battle of
Dhat as-Salasil. I was afraid, if I washed I would die. I,
therefore, performed tayammum and led my companions in the
dawn prayer. They mentioned that to the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him). He said: Amr, you led your companions
is prayer while you were sexually defiled? I informed him
of the cause which impeded me from washing. And I said: I
heard Allah say: "Do not kill yourself, verily Allah is
merciful to you." The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him)
laughed and did not say anything.
A man was injured during the lifetime of the Apostle of
Allah (peace_be_upon_him); he then had a sexual dream, and
he was advised to wash and he washed himself. Consequently
he died. When this was reported to the Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) he said: They killed him; may Allah
kill them! Is not inquiry the cure of ignorance?
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: It is necessary
for every adult (person) to go for (saying) Friday
(prayer), and for everyone who goes for Friday (prayer)
washing is necessary.
I heard the apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) say:
If anyone makes (his wife) wash and he washes himself on
Friday, goes out early (for Friday prayer), attends the
sermon from the beginning, walking, not riding, takes his
seat near the imam, listens attentively, and does not
indulge in idle talk, he will get the reward of a year's
fasting and praying at night for every step he takes.
I came to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) with the
intention of embracing Islam. He commanded me to take a
bath with water (boiled with) the leaves of the lote-tree.
Bakkar ibn Yahya said that his grandmother narrated to
him: I entered upon Umm Salamah. A woman from the Quraysh
asked her about praying with the clothes which a woman
wore while she menstruated.
Umm Salamah said: We would menstruate in the lifetime
of the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him). Then each one
of us refrained (from prayer) during menstrual period.
When she was purified, she would look at the clothe in
which she menstruated. If it were smeared with blood, we
would wash it and pray with it; if there were nothing in
it, we would leave it and that would not prevent us from
praying with it (the same clothe).
As regards the woman who had plaited hair - sometimes
each of us had plaited hair - when she washed, she would
not undo the hair. She would instead pour three handfuls
of water upon her head. When she felt moisture in the
roots of her hair, she would rub them. Then she would pour
water upon her whole body.
I asked the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) about the blood
of menstruation on the clothe. He said: Erase it off with
a piece of wood and then wash it away with water and the
leaves of the lote-tree.
Mu'awiyah ibn AbuSufyan asked his sister Umm Habibah,
the wife of the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him): Would the
apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) pray in the clothe in
which he had an intercourse? She said: Yes, when he would
not see any impurity in it.
Al-Husayn ibn Ali was (sitting) in the lap of the
Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him). He passed water on
him. I said: Put on (another) clothe, and give me your
wrapper to wash. He said: The urine of a female child
should be washed (thoroughly) and the urine of a male
child should be sprinkled over.
I used to serve the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him).
Whenever he intended to wash himself, he would say: Turn
your back towards me, So I would turn my back and hide
him. (Once) Hasan or Husayn (may Allah be pleased with
them) was brought to him and he passed water on his chest.
I came to wash it. He said: It is only the urine of a
female which should be washed; the urine of a male should
be sprinkled over.
Al-Hasan reported on the authority of his mother that
she was Umm Salamah pouring water on the urine of the male
child until the age when he did not eat food. When he
began to eat food, she would wash (his urine). And she
would wash the urine of the female child.
The slave-mother of Ibrahim ibn AbdurRahman ibn Awf
asked Umm Salamah, the wife of the Prophet
(peace_be_upon_him): I am a woman having a long border of
clothe and I walk in filthy place; (then what should I
do?). Umm Salamah replied: The Apostle of Allah ( peace be
upon him) said: What comes after it cleanses it.
She reported: I said Apostle of Allah, our road to the
mosque has an unpleasant stench; what should we do when it
is raining? He asked: Is there not a cleaner part after
the filthy part of the road? She replied: Why not (there
is one)! He said: It makes up for the other.