If someone in
Ihram fears that he would not be able to
perform Hajj owing to his illness or his
enemy, he should add this condition to
his intention at the time of donning
Ihram: "If I am prevented by an
obstacle, my place of freedom from this
state will be wherever You hold me
up." This was reported by Duba'ah
the daughter of Zubair. She said:
"O Messenger of Allah! I intend to
perform Hajj. However, I am ill."
The Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم directed
her to perform Hajj with the conditional
statement
that she would be free from Ihram
wherever she faced an obstacle. One thus
learns that if a person in Ihram is
obstructed by illness or enemy, it is
permissible for him to be free of his
state of Ihram and he will not have to
pay ransom for it.
Hajj
of children:
It is perfectly all right for a child to
perform Hajj ,as is borne out by
`Abdullah bin `Abbas's
رضي
الله
عنهما
report in Sahih Muslim. A woman, while
presenting her child to the Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم asked:
"O Messenger of Allah! Is there
Hajj for this (child)?" He replied:
"Yes! And you will get the
reward." Also there is Sa'ib bin
Yazid's report in Sahih Bukhari that he
performed Hajj along with the Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم at the age
of only seven years. However, such Hajj
would be regarded as only a Nafl
(voluntary) and not a fulfillment of the
religious duty. The same holds true for
slave men and slave girls in that their
Hajj would also be reckoned as a Nafl,
and not the compulsory duty. This point
is made clear in the Hadith narrated by
`Abdullah bin `Abbasرضي
الله
عنهما He
said that the Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم said:
If
a child does not have full
understanding, his guardian would
express intention for Ihram. He can
remove the child's seamed clothes and
recite on his behalf "Labbaik"
and the child will be regarded in the
state of Ihram after his seamed clothes
have been removed and the Ridaa and
lzaar have been put on. Things that are
forbidden for an
adult during Ihram will be also
forbidden for such a child.
Likewise,
a girl who does not have full
understanding, her guardian would
express intention of Ihram on her behalf
and recite "Labbaik." Thus,
she will be regarded in the state of
Ihram. As 1ong as the girl is in the
state of Ihram, all such things
forbidden in Ihram would be forbidden
for her as if she were a woman. It is
essential that their bodies and clothes
should be pure and clean at the time of
doing Tawaf For Tawaf is similar to the
prayers which should be performed in the
state of purity. If the boy and the girl
are mature enough, they would put on
Ihram with the consent of their guardian
and take a bath, and apply perfume, etc.
They do all of this in the same manner
as an adult does at the time of putting
on Ihram. Their guardian should
supervise these rites and fulfil their
need, whether the guardian is a father,
a mother or someone else.
As
to
those rites which children cannot do on
their own, they can be performed by
their guardian, for example, casting the
pebbles. However, they themselves will
have to perform all the other rites such
as standing at `Arafat, spending the
night at mina and Al-Muzdalifah and
performing Tawaf and Sa'y, they may be
carried in the arms for performing these
rituals. In such a condition the person
carrying them cannot perform his Tawaf
at the same time. Rather, he would make
the intention on behalf of such children
for performing Tawaf and Sa'y. Then he
would perform these rites for himself
independently. This is in order to take
every possible caution and to follow
this saying of the Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم:
However,
if the person carrying the child
makes intention for both his and the
child's Tawaf and Sa'y, it also suffices
according to an authentic view. For the
Prophetصلى
الله
عليه
وسلم had not
directed that woman to perform separate
Tawaf for the child when she asked the
Prophet صلى
الله
عليه
وسلم Had it been
necessary, he would have definitely
instructed her. Mature boys and girls
should be told about cleanliness, purity
and impurity before they start
performing Tawaf. The same is applicable
to the adults in Ihram. The guardian
acting on behalf of a small boy or girl
is not obliged to put on Ihram, for it
is a Nafl act. If he does so, it would
bring him reward and if he does not do
so, there is no sin in that.
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